多反应区动力学结合烟气分析的钢液质量控制  

Quality molten steel control mixing multi-reaction zone dynamics and off-gas analysis system

作　　者：崔博轩 李晶[1] 宋沈杨 王长城 CUI Boxuan;LI Jing;SONG Shenyang;WANG Changcheng(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Guangxi Shenglong Metallurgical Co.,Ltd.,Fangchenggang 538000,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学绿色低碳钢铁冶金全国重点实验室,北京100083 [2]广西盛隆冶金有限公司,广西防城港538000

出　　处：《钢铁》2025年第1期84-91,共8页Iron and Steel

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(桂科ZY22096027)。

摘　　要：为了准确地预测转炉过程成分变化及其终点成分,结合质量平衡与热平衡原理建立了转炉多反应区动力学机理模型并利用大量生产数据进行修正,实现了转炉生产过程熔池成分、熔池温度以及渣成分的离线预测。在此基础上,将模型部署于某钢厂150 t转炉在线运行,模型在运行过程中可根据烟气分析结果对碳含量和脱碳速率的预测值进行修正。模型通过综合考虑吹氧量、冶炼枪位和加料量等关键冶炼信息,实现了对冶炼过程渣成分的实时预测,并对过程的枪位和辅料加入量提供了科学指导。应用结果表明,转炉冶炼300 s前脱碳速率相对较低,平均脱碳速率为7 kg/s,随着冶炼进行,在300~600 s内脱碳速率趋于稳定,维持在10.0~11.6 kg/s;在600 s后,脱碳速率呈现逐渐下降的趋势。基于模型预测结果,由于脱碳速率在7 min时升高至19 kg/s,渣中FeO质量分数被消耗至10%以下,1 min后会产生返干风险,此时应采用提高枪位的方式减少(FeO)的消耗,提高渣中(FeO)含量至合适范围。模型终点碳质量分数预测结果平均偏差在±0.005%以内,终点磷质量分数预测结果平均偏差在±0.005%以内,温度平均偏差在±10℃以内。提高了冶炼过程稳定性与可控性,有效避免了返干、喷溅等情况的发生,确保了冶炼过程的安全与高效,为钢铁企业实现绿色、智能生产提供了有力支撑。In order to accurately predict the composition variation of converter process and its end point composition,the multi-reaction zone dynamics mechanism model of converter was established by combining principles of mass balance and thermal balance.The off-line prediction of molten steel composition,molten steel temperature and slag composition in converter production process was realized by using a large number of production data for correction.Furthermore,the multi-reaction zone dynamics model was applied in the actual production process of a steel plant's 150 t converter,and the prediction results of carbon content and decarburization rate can be corrected according to the outcomes of flue gas analysis.The model can predict the slag composition of the smelting process according to the information of oxygen blowing amount,smelting lance position and charging amount,and provided scientific guidance for lance position and auxiliary material addition during the process.The application results show that,the decarburization rate is relatively low before 300 s,and the average decarburization rate is 7 kg/s.With the smelting process,the decarburization rate tend to be stable within 300-600 s,maintaining in the range of 10.0-11.6 kg/s,and the decarburization rate begin to decrease after 600 s.According to the prediction results,due to the decarburization rate increase to 19 kg/s at 7 min,the mass fraction of(FeO)in the slag is reduced to less than 10%,and the risk of drying is generated after 1 min.The method of increasing the lance position should be adopted to increase the content of FeO in the slag to a suitable value.As a result,the average deviation of the prediction results of mass fraction of the end point C of the model is less than±0.005%,the average deviation of the prediction results of mass fraction of the end point P is less than±0.005%,and the average deviation of the temperature is less than±10℃.The model improves the stability and controllability of the smelting process,effectively avoids drying and s

关 键 词：转炉 动力学模型 脱碳 多区反应 终点预测 烟气 钢液 返干 喷溅 

分 类 号：TF713[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]