古代南海子水系变迁及其影响因素探析  

Factors Influencing the Change of Ancient Nanhaizi Water System

作　　者：王晨 周坤朋 王鹏 王崇臣 WANG Chen;ZHOU Kunpeng;WANG Peng;WANG Chongchen(School of Environment and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044;School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京建筑大学人文与社会科学学院,北京100044

出　　处：《北京建筑大学学报》2024年第6期63-72,共10页Journal of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目(19LSA002);北京市教育委员会科研计划项目(SM202310016001)。

摘　　要：南海子曾是北京历史上最大的湿地,同时也曾是辽金元明清五代皇家猎场,元明清三代皇家苑囿和理政中心,见证了北京生态环境和政治文化的历史演变。系统掌握其水系变迁及影响因素,对于研究区域生态文化具有重要意义。基于历史文献法和舆地图判读法,系统梳理了辽金至明清时期南海子区域水系的形成、演变和萎缩过程,并对水系发展过程的影响因素进行了系统探究,以期为区域环境生态的恢复提供参考借鉴。研究表明:南海子的时空演变受河道迁徙、气候变化、人类活动等多种因素的影响。其中永定河的潜水溢出和改道是南海子形成的先决条件。永定河的南迁及筑堤活动是影响南海子水系变迁的主要因素。此外,气候因素和人为因素也对其变迁产生了一定的影响。Nanhaizi,the largest wetland in the history of Beijing,was the royal hunting ground of Liao,Jin,Yuan,Ming,Qing dynasties,as well as the royal garden and administrative center of Yuan,Ming,Qing dynasties.The wetland has witnessed the historical evolution of Beijing's ecological environment and political culture,since it is of great significance to study the regional ecological culture and to explore its water system changes and their motivations.Therefore,the formation,change and reduction of water systems in Nanhaizi from Liao,Jin,Yuan,Ming Qing dynasties,were systematically sorted out in this work through the method of historical documents and ancient map interpretation method.As well,the factors affecting the development process of water system is studied systematically,in order to provide reference for the restoration of regional environment and ecology.The spatial and temporal evolution of Nanhaizi has been influenced by a variety of factors,including river migration,climate change,and human activities.The diversion and overflow of the Yongding river are essential for the formation of Nanhaizi.The southward migration and embankment activities of the Yongding river are the primary factors influencing changes in the water system of the Nanhaizi. Additionally, climatic and human factorsalso play a significant role in these changes.

关 键 词：北京 南海子 水系变迁 永定河 南苑 水系管理 

分 类 号：TU-984[建筑科学]