航空发动机及燃气轮机热障涂层高温腐蚀与防护  

High-temperature Corrosion and Protection of Thermal Barrier Coatings for Aeroengines and Gas Turbines

作　　者：王昆 邹兰欣[1,2] 郭磊 闫凯[3] 叶福兴[1,2] 刘洪丽 郭洪波[5] WANG Kun;ZOU Lanxin;GUO Lei;YAN Kai;YE Fuxing;LIU Hongli;GUO Hongbo(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;China Special Equipment Inspection&Research Institute,Beijing 100029,China;College of Aeronautical Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学材料科学与工程学院,天津300072 [2]天津大学现代连接技术重点实验室,天津300072 [3]中国特种设备检测研究院,北京100029 [4]中国民航大学航空工程学院,天津300300 [5]北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国腐蚀与防护学报》2025年第1期1-19,共19页Journal of Chinese Society For Corrosion and Protection

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(J2022-Ⅵ-0009-0040);国家自然科学基金(52272070)。

摘　　要：热障涂层是航空发动机及燃气轮机热端部件的关键热防护技术。随着热障涂层技术的发展,发动机的工作温度大幅提升,燃油效率和推重比显著提高,但热障涂层却面临日趋严重的高温腐蚀问题,包括环境沉积物(主要成分为CaO,MgO,Al_(2)O_(3)和SiO_(2),简称CMAS)腐蚀、熔盐腐蚀以及CMAS和熔盐的耦合腐蚀,它们会导致热障涂层过早失效,严重威胁航空发动机和燃气轮机的安全运行。本文综述了CMAS、熔盐、CMAS+熔盐等腐蚀问题的产生和腐蚀机理,重点从新型抗腐蚀热障涂层材料开发、涂层结构设计两方面总结了国内外在抗高温腐蚀热障涂层方面的研究进展。通过全面梳理高温下热障涂层的腐蚀问题及防护方法,展望了未来抗高温腐蚀长寿命热障涂层的研究方向。Thermal barrier coating(TBC)is a critical technology for hot sections of aeroengines and gas turbines.The development of TBC can significantly improve fuel efficiency and thrust-to-weight ratio of engines,allowing them to operate at higher temperatures.However,this has also led to increasingly serious high-temperature corrosion issues for TBC.High-temperature corrosion includes environmental deposition corrosion,namely CaO,MgO,Al_(2)O_(3)and SiO_(2)(CMAS)induced corrosion,molten salt corrosion,and the coupling corrosion of CMAS and molten salts,which cause premature failure of TBC and pose a serious threat to the safe operation of aero-engines and gas turbines.This paper reviews the discovery process of these corrosion problems and their reaction mechanisms with TBC at high temperatures,and summarizes the current international research progress on the corrosion-resistant TBC from two aspects,i.e.,new TBC materials development and novel coating microstructure design.By comprehensively sorting out the corrosion problems and protection methods of TBC at high temperatures,the paper provides a perspective on the research direction for developing long-lifetime and corrosion-resistant TBC.

关 键 词：热障涂层 CMAS腐蚀 熔盐腐蚀 耦合腐蚀 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]