典型氟橡胶密封材料热空气老化试验研究  

Assessment on Performance Decay Induced by Hot Air Aging for Typical Fluoroelastomer Sealing Materials

作　　者：刘明 张连栋 孙志华 高蒙 闫巍 赵明亮 LIU Ming;ZHANG Liandong;SUN Zhihua;GAO Meng;YAN Wei;ZHAO Mingliang(Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Corrosion and Protection for Aviation Materials,AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发北京航空材料研究院航空材料先进腐蚀与防护航空科技重点实验室,北京100095

出　　处：《中国腐蚀与防护学报》2025年第1期137-147,共11页Journal of Chinese Society For Corrosion and Protection

摘　　要：在160、180、200、220和240℃等5个温度点下开展典型氟橡胶FX-17的热空气老化试验,检测试验前后材料硬度、压缩永久变形率、拉伸强度、扯断伸长率等参数的变化,利用Fourier红外光谱等方法分析材料在老化过程中可能的分子结构变化,根据Arrhenius经验公式建立材料的性能衰减以及寿命退化模型。结果表明:典型氟橡胶FX-17经过热空气老化试验,Shore硬度最大变化幅度由初始值79 HA增加至92 HA,压缩永久变形率最大变化幅度由初始值增加至116%,拉伸强度最大变化幅度由初始值15 MPa下降至8 MPa,扯断伸长率最大变化幅度由初始值199%下降至125%;典型氟橡胶FX-17在热空气老化过程中主要发生了材料大分子的脱氢氟反应,进而引发自由基老化连锁反应;以压缩永久变形率作为典型氟橡胶FX-17密封失效的评价指标,其在200℃使用温度下寿命可达2700 h以上。The performance variation of a typical fluoroelastomer FX-17 due to hot air aging at 160,180,200,220 and 240℃,respectively was assessed,in terms of its hardness,compressive permanent deformation rate,tensile strength,elongation at break and other parameters.The corresponding change of its molecular structure were characterized by means of Fourier infrared spectroscopy and other methods.Based on Arrhenius empirical formula,the model of performance decay and life degradation of fluoroelastomer FX-17 was also established.The results show that after being hot air aged,the maximum change range of Shore hardness increased from the initial value of 79 HA to 92 HA,the maximum change range of compressive permanent deformation rate increased to 116%of the initial value,and the maximum change range of tensile strength decreased from the initial value of 15 MPa to 8 MPa.The maximum change range of elongation at break decreased from the initial value of 199%to 125%.In the process of aging in hot air,the dehydrofluorination of large molecules of FX-17 mainly occurs,which leads to a chain reaction of free radical aging.When the compression permanent deformation rate is used as the evaluation index of the sealing failure of typical fluoroelastomer FX-17,its service life can reach more than 2700 h at 200℃.

关 键 词：氟橡胶 热空气老化 密封失效 脱氢氟反应 寿命预测 

分 类 号：TQ330[化学工程—橡胶工业]