无人机系统级线缆电磁效应与耦合特征分析  

Analysis of electromagnetic effects and coupling characteristics of UAV system-level cables

作　　者：周佳乐 余道杰[1] 柴梦娟 白艺杰 杜剑平[1] 李涛[1] 张霞[1] 姚振宁 Zhou Jiale;Yu Daojie;Chai Mengjuan;Bai Yijie;Du Jianping;Li Tao;Zhang Xia;Yao Zhenning(School of Information Systems Engineering,Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学信息系统工程学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2025年第2期70-77,共8页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61871405)。

摘　　要：无人机系统级线缆耦合特征对于无人机电磁效应与机理分析具有重要意义。针对无人机系统中多类型线缆建立了线缆电磁干扰场路联合仿真模型,分析了无人机不同类型线缆的耦合特征,并结合无人机系统复杂物理结构对无人机系统级线缆耦合特征展开研究,基于无人机系统表面电流分布情况,在无人机飞控端口线缆处、机翼线缆处、旋翼线缆处设置电压监测点,得到了无人机系统线缆耦合的薄弱环节。仿真结果表明,平面波以不同角度入射相同长度线缆时,电场矢量与线缆所在平面平行时耦合峰值电压最大,且不同类型线缆耦合敏感频点相同,平面波以相同角度入射不同长度线缆时,谐振频点的倒数满足与线缆长度相同的倍数关系;无人机系统线缆辐照场景下,飞控线缆耦合敏感频段为300~600 MHz;无人机机翼线缆与旋翼线缆耦合敏感频段为300~430 MHz,且飞控线缆耦合峰值电压明显大于机翼线缆与旋翼线缆处峰值电压。The system-level cable coupling characteristics of UAVs are of great significance for the analysis of electromagnetic effects and mechanisms of UAVs.A field-circuit co-simulation model for electromagnetic interference of the multi-typed cables in UAVs is established and the coupling characteristics of the cables are analyzed.Moreover,considering the complex physical structure of the UAVs,studies on the system level cable coupling characteristics of the UAVs are carried out.Based on the surface current distribution of the UAV system,voltage monitoring points are set up at the UAV flight control port cables,wing cables,and rotor cables to monitor the voltage distribution of the UAV system cables,thus the weak links of the UAV system cable coupling are obtained.The simulation results show that when the plane wave is incident into the same length of cable at different angles,the coupling peak voltage is the largest when the electric field vector is parallel to the direction of the cable,and the coupling sensitive frequency point of different types of cables is the same;when the plane wave incident into different lengths of cable at the same angle,the reciprocals of the resonant frequency points satisfy the same multiple relationship as the cable lengths.In the actual UAV system cable irradiation scenario,the sensitive frequency band of flight control cable coupling is 300-600 MHz.The sensitive frequency band of the coupling of the UAV wing cable and the rotor cable is 300-430 MHz,and the peak voltage of the coupling of the flight control cable is significantly greater than that of the wing cable and the rotor cable.

关 键 词：无人机电磁效应 线缆耦合特征 场路联合仿真 电压监测 耦合敏感频段 

分 类 号：TN972[电子电信—信号与信息处理]