基于CYCIAE-230超导回旋加速器的质子治疗能量选择系统的束流光学设计  

Optical design of beam for proton therapy energy selection system based on CYCIAE-230 superconducting cyclotron

作　　者：赵博涵 郭乾坤 张天爵[1] 王川[1] 殷治国[1] 宋琦琪 何澳来 刘展 王羲 胡明智 刘景源[1] 汪洋 朱晓锋 熊锐 蒋天仡 ZHAO Bohan;GUO Qiankun;ZHANG Tianjue;WANG Chuan;YIN Zhiguo;SONG Qiqi;HE Aolai;LIU Zhan;WANG Xi;HU Mingzhi;LIU Jingyuan;WANG Yang;ZHU Xiaofeng;XIONG Rui;JIANG Tianyi(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413

出　　处：《核技术》2025年第2期72-82,共11页Nuclear Techniques

摘　　要：能量选择系统是基于回旋加速器的质子治疗装置的关键部分,除了用于调节回旋加速器产生的固定能量质子束的能量以匹配肿瘤深度外,另一主要作用是控制束流发射度等束流参数达到治疗要求。现有控制发射度的方案基于切换不同孔径准直器组合,可调的发射度受限于孔径的组合数量,并且需要在能量选择系统的上游或下游配有抑制流强的小孔径准直器,限制了高能束流流强提高的可能性。本文根据中国原子能科学研究院在研的一套基于超导回旋加速器CYCIAE-230的质子治疗装置,提出并验证了一种可以灵活控制束流发射度和传输效率的能量选择系统设计方案。首先介绍了该能量选择系统的主要光学设计特点。然后运用蒙特卡罗方法计算并讨论了质子经过降能器与一组准直器的束流发射度、能量和能量分散的情况。最后结合计算结果并利用束流光学软件TRANSPORT和TURTLE完成了能量选择系统的线性束流光学设计。设计重点是基于消色散段前放置一组宽度可调的狭缝,并结合相应位置束流光学条件,以控制束流发散角,并通过计算验证了可行性。结果显示,该能量选择系统满足质子治疗需求,合理利用可调狭缝可以灵活调节束流的发射度,从而实现能量选择段束流传输效率可调。这种简单且能灵活调整束流状态的光学设计既可用于质子治疗的流强调控,也可以满足其他科研应用需求,具有广泛的应用前景。[Background]The energy selection system(ESS)is a key part of the cyclotron-based proton therapy facility.In addition to regulating the energy of the fixed-energy proton beam generated by the cyclotron to match the depth of the tumor,the other main role is to control the beam emittance to meet the therapeutic requirements.Existing schemes for controlling the emittance are based on switching combinations of collimators with different apertures,where the adjustable emittance is limited by the number of combinations of apertures,and the need for a small aperture collimator upstream or downstream of the ESS to suppress the beam intensity limits the possibility of increasing the high-energy beam intensity.[Purpose]This study aims to propose the beam optics design of proton therapy energy selection system(ESS)on the basis of the superconducting cyclotron CYCIAE-230 under development by the China Institute of Atomic Energy(CIAE)that can flexibly control the beam emittance and transmission.[Methods]First of all,the main optical design features of this ESS was described,and the Monte Carlo method based FLUKA code was applied to calculating the beam emittance,energy,and energy spread of a proton passing through a degrader with a set of collimators.Then,beam optical software TRANSPORT and TURTLE were combined to design the linear beam optics with consideration of placing a set of width-adjustable slits in front of the achromatic section and combining the beam optical conditions at the corresponding positions to control the beam divergence.Finally,the feasibility of flexible and adjustable beam emittance and transmission efficiency for esigned ESS was verified by calculations.[Results&Conclusions]The results show that the ESS meets the demand of proton therapy,and the rational use of adjustable slit can make the ESS have the characteristics of flexible and adjustable beam emittance,so as to realize the adjustable beam transmission in the energy selection section.This simple and flexible optical design proposed in this study f

关 键 词：质子治疗 能量选择系统 FLUKA 束流输运线 束流光学 

分 类 号：TL501.5[核科学技术—核技术及应用]