基于熵权和理想点逼近法高原山地耕地质量评价——以云南省华坪县为例  

Quality evaluation of plateau mountain cultivated land based on entropy weight and TOPSIS:Taking Huaping County in Yunnan Province as an example

作　　者：尹正琳 袁磊[1] 马显光[2] 郭晓洁 Yin Zhenglin;Yuan Lei;Ma Xianguang;Guo Xiaojie(Department of Geography,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming,650500,China;Yunnan Planning and Design Institute of Land Resources,Kunming,658216,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学地理学部,昆明市650500 [2]云南省国土资源规划设计研究院,昆明市658216

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2025年第1期236-241,共6页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：云南省哲学社会科学规划项目(YB2023023,ZD202315);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2020J0098)。

摘　　要：高原山地生态脆弱、环境敏感,严重制约着山区耕地可持续利用。以云南省华坪县为例,选取影响耕地质量的自然条件、立地条件、区位与空间形态4方面22个评价指标构建耕地质量评价指标体系,运用熵权法结合GIS空间分析技术对各个指标赋权,并采用理想点逼近法对耕地进行质量评价与分级。结果表明,从数量等级上看,华坪县耕地质量整体较好,大部分地类处于三级以上耕地,面积为18 617.6 hm^(2),占耕地总面积的78.13%。其中,一级、二级和三级耕地面积分别为5 952.88 hm^(2)、7 143.29 hm^(2)和5 521.43 hm^(2),分别占耕地总面积的24.98%、29.98%和23.17%;从空间分布上看,高质量耕地分布较为集中且连片性好,主要分布在荣将镇、中心镇、石龙坝镇和新庄傈僳族傣族乡等低海拔和耕作便利度高的区域。研究中评价单元划分科学合理,熵权法能全面有效反映评价指标的差异性,理想点逼近法能较好揭示研究区的耕地质量等级结构和空间分布规律,两种方法相辅相成,可为高原山地耕地质量管护以及永久基本农田核实整改工作提供技术方法支撑。The ecological fragility and environmental sensitivity of plateau mountainous areas seriously restrict the sustainable utilization of cultivated land in mountainous areas.Taking Huaping County of Yunnan Province as an example,the cultivated land quality evaluation index system was constructed by selecting 22 evaluation indexes from four aspects such as natural conditions,site conditions,location and spatial form,which affected the quality of cultivated land.Entropy weight method combined with GIS spatial analysis technology was used to assign weights to each index,and TOPSIS was used to evaluate and grade cultivated land quality.The results showed that from the quantity and level,the overall quality of arable land in Huaping County was generally good,and most of the land types were in Grade 3 or above arable land,with an area of 18617.6 hm^(2),accounting for 78.13%of the total arable land area.Among them,the areas of Grade 1,Grade 2,and Grade 3 arable land were 5952.88 hm^(2),7143.29 hm^(2),and 5521.43 hm^(2),accounting for 24.98%,29.98%,and 23.17%of the total arable land area,respectively.From the spatial distribution,the distribution of high-quality arable land was relatively concentrated and contiguous,mainly in Rongjiang Township,Center Township,Shilongba Township,and Xinzhuang Township.In the study,the division of evaluation units is scientific and reasonable;the entropy weight method can fully and effectively reflect the differences of evaluation indicators,and the TOPSIS can better reveal the grading structure and spatial distribution of cultivated land quality of the study area,and the two methods complement each other.This study provides technical and method support for the improvement of cultivated land quality,management and protection,and the verification and rectification of permanent basic farmland.

关 键 词：高原山地 耕地质量评价 熵权法 理想点逼近法 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]