西北道地中药材种植及生产机械化概况  

Status of traditional Chinese medicine planting and production mechanization in Northwest China

作　　者：于庆旭 欧阳安 陈永生 付菁菁 陈晓 王振伟 Yu Qingxu;Ouyang An;Chen Yongsheng;Fu Jingjing;Chen Xiao;Wang Zhenwei(Nanjing Institute of Agriculture Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing,210014,China;Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Equipment Industry Development Center,Beijing,100846,China;Institute of Western Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Changji,831100,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京市210014 [2]工业和信息化部装备工业发展中心,北京市100846 [3]中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2025年第1期290-298,共9页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：中国农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(S202101—03);中国农业科学院科技创新工程—农业生产废弃物资源化利用装备科研团队。

摘　　要：中药材种植业的发展,可保障人民安全使用中药。简述甘肃、陕西、新疆、宁夏、青海等西北五省区道地中药材种植概况,梳理促进中药材产业发展相关国家和当地政策,阐述西北道地中药材“直播育苗+移栽种植”种植模式和生产全程机械化概况。针对中药材耕、种、管、收等关键环节机械化水平薄弱、亟需关键技术攻关与加强装备创新现状,分析西北道地中药材生产机械化面临的问题与挑战,包括种植土地碎片化严重、种植品类模式多样化、关键环节机械化较低、种植投入高且风险大和机具生产企业发展难等,从西北道地中药材种植面积规模化、种植模式标准化、主要品种关键作业环节优先突破、强化政策引导完善农业保险体系和推动西北地区企业增量高质发展等5个方面提出促进中药材生产机械化的建议,为我国中药材产业高质量发展提供借鉴。随着农业机械化、智能化水平的不断提升,以及中药材产业扶持政策实施,将逐步推进西北道地产区中药材全程机械化发展趋势,促进中药材特色产业发展和农民持续增收。The cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)ensures the safe consumption of Chinese medicines by the populace.This article briefly outlines the cultivation of authentic TCM herbs in five northwestern provinces and regions:Gansu,Shaanxi,Xinjiang,Ningxia,and Qinghai.This article succinctly delineates the cultivation of genuine Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)herbs across five northwestern provinces and regions:Gansu,Shaanxi,Xinjiang,Ningxia,and Qinghai.It organizes pertinent national and regional policies aimed at nurturing the growth of the TCM industry.Additionally,it elucidates the“seedling cultivation+transplantation planting”model and the mechanization of the entire production chain for authentic northwestern TCM materials.The article also addresses the insufficient mechanization in crucial stages such as TCM cultivation,planting,management,and harvesting,while highlighting the urgent requirement for advancements in key technologies and equipment innovations.The article analyzes the challenges faced by TCM production mechanization,such as the severe fragmentation of farmland,diversified planting patterns,low mechanization in key stages,high planting costs and risks,and difficulties in machinery manufacturing enterprises'development.It puts forward suggestions and development trends to advance TCM production mechanization,including expanding planting acreage,standardizing planting patterns,prioritizing breakthroughs in key operational processes for major varieties,strengthening policy guidance to enhance the agricultural insurance system,and promoting high-quality enterprise development in the northwest,aims to serve as a reference for the high-quality development of China's TCM industry..The northwest region is actively advancing agricultural mechanization and intelligence levels while simultaneously implementing supportive policies tailored for the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)industry.This proactive approach will progressively lead to comprehensive mechanization in TCM production,thereby fos

关 键 词：中药材产业 西北道地产区 中药材机械化 政策扶持 高质量发展 

分 类 号：S225.7[农业科学—农业机械化工程]