原油生物降解规律在海上油田开发中的应用  

Application of crude oil biodegradation law in offshore oilfield development

作　　者：谢雄 陈维华 杨勇 胡文丽 冯缙 王雪美 王维锋 石先亚 XIE Xiong;CHEN Weihua;YANG Yong;HU Wenli;FENG Jin;WANG Xuemei;WANG Weifeng;SHI Xianya(CNOOC(China)Limited,Shenzhen Branch,Shenzhen Guangdong 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《石油化工应用》2025年第1期63-67,74,共6页Petrochemical Industry Application

摘　　要：通常原油黏度、密度随油藏埋深的增加呈下降趋势,实际生产实践表明,上述原油性质变化规律不适用于南海东部浅层油藏,有时深度相邻的油藏原油性质差异较大,而且稠油油藏数量明显增多。经过研究发现,浅层油藏原油性质变化规律主要受生物降解的控制,与深度没有相关性。进一步研究发现,在浅层油藏中,不同的油藏类型对原油性质影响很大,底水油藏生物降解严重,原油性质普遍较差,边水油藏受生物降解影响较轻,油品保存较好。南海东部浅层油藏原油生物降解规律的发现可以快速定性判断原油性质以及底水油藏隔夹层的封闭性,也对浅层油藏的勘探评价取样和开发方案的取值都提出了新的要求,有效推动了地球化学在油田开发中的应用。Crude oil viscosity and density tend to decrease as reservoir depth increases.Production practice shows that the above law of crude oil property change is not applicable to Nanhai east shallow reservoirs.Some shallow reservoirs have similar depths,but differ greatly in crude oil properties,and the number of heavy oil reservoirs has significantly increased.Research has found that the change law of crude oil property in shallow reservoirs is mainly controlled by biodegradation and has no correlation with depth.In addition,different types of shallow reservoirs have a significant influence on the properties of crude oil.Bottom water reservoirs have severe biodegradation and cause a greater decline in oil quality than that in edge water reservoirs.The discovery of the biodegradation law of crude oil in shallow oil reservoirs in the eastern South China Sea can quickly determine the properties of crude oil and the sealing properties of interlayers in bottom water reservoirs,and also puts forward new requirements for sampling in exploration and evaluation of shallow oil reservoirs and for the value of development schemes,effectively promoting the application of geochemistry in oilfield development.

关 键 词：生物降解 浅层油藏 原油性质 变化规律 油田开发 地球化学 

分 类 号：TE349[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]