蚕用益生芽孢杆菌的筛选鉴定及其对家蚕生长影响初探  

Screening and Identification of Probiotic Bacillus in Silkworm and Its Effect on the Growth of Silkworm

作　　者：赵莹 李豪 向峻锋 张元昊 周洁灵 孔佳 姜雪萍 张然 桂仲争 Zhao Ying;Li Hao;Xiang Junfeng;Zhang Yuanhao;Zhou Jieling;Kong Jia;Jiang Xueping;Zhang Ran;Gui Zhongzheng(School of Biotechnology,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100,China;Sericultural Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学生物技术学院,江苏镇江212100 [2]中国农业科学院蚕业研究所,江苏镇江212100

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2024年第6期531-538,共8页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(32302687);江苏省研究生创新计划项目(SJCX23_2245)。

摘　　要：家蚕(Bombyx mori)肠道益生芽孢杆菌有助于改善家蚕肠道微生态,提高家蚕生长性能。文中采用高温选育法和产酶选择性培养基,从家蚕中肠分离出2株高产胞外消化酶的益生菌菌株,根据菌落形态学特征、菌株分子生物学鉴定以及生理生化特性分析,将其分别命名为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)Z-55和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)Y-11;对这两株产酶菌进行溶血试验和抗生素药敏试验,对其进行安全性评价,并将这两株菌制成菌悬液浸泡桑叶,研究其对5龄家蚕生长的影响。水解圈产酶结果显示,菌株Z-55和Y-11的产纤维素酶能力均为最强,其中菌株Y-11产纤维素酶和淀粉酶能力均显著高于菌株Z-55;菌株Z-55和Y-11对14种抗生素中的绝大多数敏感。菌株添食试验结果显示,Z-55添食组和Y-11添食组对5龄家蚕平均体质量增长均有较好的促进作用,均显著高于空白对照组,复合菌剂Z-55&Y-11添食组相比空白对照组增重11.11%,Y-11添食组相比空白对照组增重9.84%。筛选获得的家蚕益生菌可作为蚕用复合微生态制剂研发材料,在蚕业生产方面具有良好的应用前景。Screening of probiotic bacillus from the silkworm intestine can improve the intestinal microecology of the silkworm and enhance the growth performance of the silkworm.In this paper,two probiotic strains with high production of extracellular digestive enzymes were isolated from the midgut of the silkworm by using high-temperature selection method and enzyme-producing selective medium.Based on the morphological characteristics of the colonies,molecular biology identification of the strains and physiological and biochemical analysis,they were named Bacillus velezensis Z-55 and Bacillus subtilis Y-11,respectively.These two strains of enzyme-producing bacteria were subjected to haemolysis test and antibiotic drug sensitivity test,and were evaluated for safety.Then these two strains were made into bacterial agent to soak mulberry leaves to study their effects on the growth of the fifth instar silkworms.The results of enzyme production through the hydrolysis circle showed that both Z-55 and Y-11 had the strongest cellulase-producing ability.The cellulase and amylase-producing ability of Y-11 were significantly higher than those of Z-55.These two strains were sensitive to the vast majority of the 14 anti-biotics.The results of the strain feeding test showed that both Z-55 and Y-11 had good promotion effect on the average weight gain of fifth instar silkworms,which were significantly higher than that of the blank control group.The weight gain of mixed bacterial agent Z-55&Y-11 group increased by 11.11%as compared with the CK group.The weight gain of Y-11 group increased by 9.84%as compared with the CK group.The silkworm probiotics obtained from the screening in this study are expected to be used as materials for the development of complex microecological preparations for silkworms,and therefore had a good prospect of application in silkworm production.

关 键 词：家蚕 益生菌 消化酶 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 枯草芽孢杆菌 

分 类 号：S881.2[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]