晚清民国时期陕西民谣中的旱灾书写及灾民应对  

DroughtWriting and Victims’Responses in Shaanxi Folk Songs During the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

作　　者：吴俊 成雪敏 WU Jun;CHENG Xuemin(School of History and Culture,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《咸阳师范学院学报》2025年第1期63-69,共7页Journal of Xianyang Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(23BMZ112)。

摘　　要：传统农耕时代,旱灾始终是威胁陕西各地百姓生存的灾害之一。作为记录大众文化的民间歌谣,不仅反映了晚清民国时期陕西各地旱灾发生规模,更折射出灾民在旱灾来临时的各种心理状态。随着旱灾规模的扩大,陕西各地灾民的心理状态也经历了从顺应天时、接受现实到运用祈雨仪式进行自我拯救的变迁。对各类民谣中所蕴含的祈雨歌谣分析后发现,晚清民国时期的陕西灾民祈雨仪式中,存在着地主阶层前往王朝中央政府敕封的庙宇祈雨与普通灾民利用石狮就地祈雨的两种应对模式。In the era of traditional agriculture,drought has always been one of the disasters that threaten the survival of the people in Shaanxi.As folk songs that record popular culture,they not only record the scale of droughts in Shaanxi during the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,but also reflect the various psychological states of the victims when the droughts come.As the scale of droughts increases,the psychological state of the victims in Shaanxi has also experienced a change from adapting to the weather and accepting reality to using rain-praying rituals for self-salvation.After analyzing the rain-praying songs contained in various folk songs,it is found that in the rain-praying rituals of Shaanxi victims in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,there are two modes of coping:the landlord class went to the temples conferred by the central government to pray for rain,and the ordinary victims used stone lions to pray for rain on the spot.

关 键 词：晚清民国时期 陕西民谣 旱灾书写 灾民应对 

分 类 号：K892[历史地理—民俗学]