唐昭陵段蕳璧墓仕女图壁画数字化虚拟修复与保护  

Digital Virtual Restoration and Protection of the Mural Paintings of the Ladies in the Duan Jianbi Tomb of Tang Zhaoling

作　　者：戎岩[1] 杨景龙 RONG Yan;YANG Jinglong(School of History and Culture,Xianyang Normal University,Xianyang 712000,Shaanxi,China;Xianyang Cultural Relics Protection Center,Xianyang 712000,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]咸阳师范学院历史文化学院,陕西咸阳712000 [2]咸阳市文物保护中心,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《咸阳师范学院学报》2025年第1期78-83,共6页Journal of Xianyang Normal University

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金项目(22XJC780001);陕西省社会科学基金项目(2021G008);陕西省科技厅重点研发项目(2024SF-YBXM-683);咸阳市科技局重点研发项目(L2023-ZDYF-SF-026);咸阳市渭城区科技局软科学研究项目(2024VCRK-006)。

摘　　要：高清矩阵摄影技术和三维数字化技术可从“形”和“色”方面详尽记录壁画表面细节信息及病害信息。针对唐昭陵段蕳璧墓仕女图壁画破损严重、残块多、画面错位的保存现状,基于非接触条件下的数字化文物修复提取,依据壁画残块数字化拼接的画面内容特征、绘制技法和制作工艺、边缘齿痕、相对位置和表面弧度等,对该壁画白灰层以外的壁画残块进行精准数字化保护拼接。在数字化模拟修复成果的基础上开展实际修复工作,依次对壁画进行表面清洁、保护性封贴加固、残块切割、拼对、地仗层修复、画面层修复等工作程序,最终壁画修复效果良好,以期对古代壁画保护修复工作有所裨益。Digital technology has been widely applied to the protection and restoration of ancient murals.High-definition matrix photography technology and 3D digital technology can record detailed information on the surface and disease of murals from the aspects of“shape”and“color”.This article focuses on the current situation of severe damage,multiple fragments,and misplaced images in the mural painting of the Lady of the Zhaoling section of the Tang Dynasty.Based on the non-contact digital restoration and extraction of cultural relics,and based on five categories of criteria including the content characteristics,drawing techniques and production processes,edge tooth marks,relative positions,and surface curvature of the digital splicing of mural fragments,the mural fragments except for the white ash layer are reasonably and accurately digitally protected and spliced.Based on the results of the digital simulation restoration,the actual restoration work was carried out by sequentially cleaning the surface of the mural,protective sealing and reinforcement,residual block cutting,splicing,repairing the ground layer,and repairing the picture layer.The final restoration effect of the mural was good,in order to benefit the protection and restoration work of ancient murals.

关 键 词：唐昭陵段蕳璧墓 仕女图壁画 高精度三维数字化 壁画保护 

分 类 号：K854.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]