蒸发条件下夯土遗址盐分运移规律研究  

Study on the Law of Salt Distribution and Migration in Rammed Loess Sites Under Evaporation Condition

作　　者：黄四平[1] 高衡 杜德新 郭苗苗 王鑫怡 贾茜 HUANG Siping;GAO Heng;DU Dexin;GUO Miaomiao;WANG Xinyi;JIA Qian(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xianyang Normal University,Xianyang 712000,Shaanxi,China;Committee of Xi’an CityWall,Xi’an 710000,Shaanxi,China;Hanguangmen Entrance Museum,Xi’an 710000,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]咸阳师范学院化学与化工学院,陕西咸阳712000 [2]西安城墙管委会,陕西西安710000 [3]含光门遗址博物馆,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《咸阳师范学院学报》2025年第1期84-89,共6页Journal of Xianyang Normal University

基　　金：陕西省教育厅重点资助项目(17JZ080)。

摘　　要：以夯筑黄土遗址盐分运移为研究对象,使用咸阳塬上黄土制成夯筑形制的圆柱形模拟土柱,以不同浓度氯化钠和硫酸钠及其混合盐分由下向上渗透,通过测量盐分渗透前后土柱体积变化、土柱横切与纵切各剖面土壤溶液电导率,模拟水盐横向和纵向运移规律及盐分对土遗址的影响。结果表明,对黄土遗址风化影响较大的盐分为硫酸钠,盐分在土壤中的纵向迁移是从高浓度向低浓度随水运移,横向迁移是中心电导率小,边缘电导率大。在蒸发过程中,盐分随水分顶托到表层,水分蒸发后,盐分会聚集在土壤表层,对土遗址造成巨大破坏。研究拟为以西安城墙含光门土遗址为代表的夯土遗址盐分病害治理提供技术支撑。By taking the salt migration of rammed loess sites as the research object,a cylindrical earth-rammed column which was first made as a test model from the loess of the loess on Xianyang Tableland in Shaanxi Province.Then,different concentrations of sodium chloride,sodium sulfate and their mixed salts were completely permeated from the bottom to the top.Finally,the volume change of soil column and the electrical conductivity of soil solution in cross-section and longitudinal section of it before and after were measured,for studying the vertical and horizontal movement of salt and the effect of salt on soil sites.The results show that sodium sulfate was more destructive to the weathering of loess sites between the sodium chloride and sodium sulfate.The salt moved longitudinally with water from high concentration to low concentration,and transversely with greater conductivity from edge to center.During the evaporation process,the salt is pushed to the surface of the column with the water,and after the water evaporates,the salt will collect in the surface of the soil,causing great damage to the earthen sites.The study is intended to provide technical support for the treatment of salt disease in rammed earth sites,such as the Guangmen Earth Site in Xi’an CityWall.

关 键 词：夯土遗址 盐分迁移 水分运移 

分 类 号：K854.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]