“三权分置”背景下农地流转市场化发展:新近状况、驱动机制与政策建议  

The Development of Farmland Transfer Marketization under the Tripartite Entitlement System:The Latest Situation,Driving Mechanism and Policy Suggestions

作　　者：马亚飞 张轶之 路晓蒙[2] MA Yafei;ZHANG Yizhi;LU Xiaomeng

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学经济管理学院,广州510642 [2]西南财经大学中国家庭金融调查与研究中心,成都610074

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2025年第2期95-110,共16页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“乡村振兴与深化农地制度改革”(编号:19ZDA115);广东省财政专项资金项目“普惠金融与三农经济研究”(编号:GDZXZJSCAU202054);甘肃省哲学社会科学规划项目“甘肃省农户耕地撂荒行为驱动因素及治理机制研究”(编号:2023YB035)。

摘　　要：农地流转市场化发展是优化土地资源配置,提升农业生产效率的关键。基于2015年CHFS和2021年CHFS-SCAU农户调研数据,本文从全国层面对我国农地流转市场化发展的状况进行了全面考察,并构建“制度-经济-文化”的分析框架,采用双变量Probit模型实证检验了农地流转市场化发展的驱动机制。研究发现:农户农地流转市场参与率有所下降但资源配置效率明显提升,规模化经营趋势显著;农地流转方式多元化,“熟人”流转格局正在向多主体竞争的市场交易变动,市场化的货币交易特征日益突出,契约期限明显增强,市场治理结构正经历“关系型”向“契约型”的转变。农地流转市场化发展的驱动机制检验表明,农地产权制度、利益驱动以及亲缘关系撕裂具有显著的促进作用;在高市场化地区,农地产权制度、利益驱动以及亲缘关系撕裂是主要的驱动因素,低市场化地区利益驱动发挥了重要作用;在非粮食主产区,农地产权制度和利益驱动具有显著的促进作用,粮食主产区利益驱动促进了农地非熟人流转,亲缘关系撕裂提高了农地有偿流转。政策改革的重点是:继续沿着“三权分置”的政策框架深化农地制度改革,规范农地流转市场化发展,科学平衡并利用好正式制度与非正式制度的互补作用。The market-oriented development of farmland transfer is the key to optimizing the allocation of land resources and enhancing the efficiency of agricultural production.Based on the 2015 CHFS and 2021 CHFS-SCAU farm household survey data,the latest development of farmland transfer marketization in China is comprehensively examined for the first time at national level,and an analytical framework of“system-economy-culture”is constructed,and the driving mechanism of the development of farmland transfer marketization is empirically examined by using a bivariate probit model.The study finds that:the participation rate of farmers in the farmland transfer market has declined but the efficiency of resource allocation has increased significantly,and there is a significant trend of large-scale oper-ation;the way of farmland transfer is diversified,the pattern of acquaintance transfer is changing to the market transaction of multi-principal competition,the characteristics of market-oriented monetary transaction are becoming more and more prominent,the duration of the contract has increased,and the goverance structure of the market is undergoing the transformation from“relational type”to“contractual type”.The test of the driving mechanism of the development of marketization of land transfer shows that the property right system of farmland,interest drive and the tearing of kinship relations have a significant role in promoting the development of marketization.In the high marketization area,farmland property right system,interest drive and kinship tear are the main driving factors,and interest drive plays an important role in the low marketization area.In the non-major grain producing areas,farmland property right system and interest drive has a significant facilitating effect in the main food-producing areas,the profit drive promotes the non-acquaintance transfer of agricultural land,and kinship tearing improves the paid transfer of farmland.The focus of policy reform is to continue to deepen the reform of the farml

关 键 词：“三权分置” 农地流转市场化 最新状况 驱动机制 政策建议 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]