多级结构生物质碳布的制备及其燃料电池气体扩散层性能  

Preparation of multi-level structured biomass carbon cloth and performance of gas diffusion layer in fuel cells

作　　者：代鹏程[1] 赵永鑫 田煜彬 田超凡 李森[1] 邢涛 李智 刘嘉仪 顾鑫[1] DAI Pengcheng;ZHAO Yongxin;TIAN Yubin;TIAN Chaofan;LI Sen;XING Tao;LI Zhi;LIU Jiayi;GU Xin(College of New Energy,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;New Energy Division,Shandong Energy Group Company Limited,Jining 273500,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi an Jiaotong University,Xi an 710049,China;College of Environmental and Material Engineering,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)新能源学院,山东青岛266580 [2]山东能源集团有限公司新能源事业部,山东济宁273500 [3]西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710049 [4]烟台大学环境与材料工程学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期227-234,共8页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022MB133,ZR2022MB088);国家自然科学基金项目(51702365)。

摘　　要：质子交换膜燃料电池气体扩散层制备工艺存在制备成本高、需要进行疏水处理、生产流程复杂等缺点,以纤维素棉布为原料,在较低温度(1350℃)下生成一种高导电、高孔隙率、自疏水的柔性生物质碳布,并将其作为气体扩散层,测试燃料电池性能。结果表明:碳布由相互连接的微米级碳纤维组成,形成丰富的孔道,其孔隙率达到76%;通过锆基化合物催化的化学气相沉积,在碳纤维表面化学沉积高石墨化程度的碳纳米片阵列,提高了碳布的导电性,使得其平面电阻率低至60.8 mΩ·cm,穿透电阻率在1 MPa压力下低至19 mΩ·cm,导电性达到商业气体扩散层的要求;将制备的碳布直接作为气体扩散层进行燃料电池性能测试,其在1.2 A·cm^(-2)处功率密度达到0.6 W·cm^(-2),超过相同条件下的商业化气体扩散层(0.58 W·cm^(-2))。The preparation process of gas diffusion layer(GDL)in proton exchange membrane fuel cells has disadvantages,such as high manufacturing costs,the need for hydrophobic treatment,and a complicated synthetic process.A flexible biomass carbon cloth with high conductivity,high porosity,and self hydrophobicity was generated from cellulose cotton cloth at a lower temperature(1350℃),and used as a gas diffusion layer to evaluate the performance of fuel cells.The results demonstrate that the carbon cloth is composed of interconnected micron-sized carbon fibers with abundant pores,achieving a porosity of 77%.By catalytic chemical vapor deposition using zirconium-based compounds,highly graphitized carbon nanosheets are chemically deposited on the surface of carbon fibers,enhancing the electrical conductivity of the carbon cloth.As a result,the in-plane resistance is as low as 60.8 mΩ·cm,and the through-plane resistance is as low as 19 mΩ·cm under a pressure of 1 MPa,meeting the electrical conductivity requirement of commercial GDLs.When the prepared carbon cloth is directly used as a GDL for fuel cell performance testing,its power density reaches 0.6 W·cm^(-2) at 1.2 A·cm^(-2),exceeding the power density of commercial GDLs under the same conditions(0.58 W·cm^(-2)).

关 键 词：燃料电池 气体扩散层 碳布 生物质 分级结构 

分 类 号：TQ50.4[化学工程]