新型活性分散染料的合成及对棉织物的超临界二氧化碳无水染色  

Synthesis of novel reactive disperse dyes and water-free dyeing of cotton fabrics with supercritical carbon dioxide

作　　者：郭思琪 郑环达[1] 王玉雪 郑来久[1] GUO Siqi;ZHENG Huanda;WANG Yuxue;ZHENG Laijiu(Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Supercritical CO_(2) Dyeing/Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Engineering,Liaoning Provincial Department of Education,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian 116034,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]大连工业大学辽宁省超临界二氧化碳无水染色重点实验室/纺织科学与工程辽宁省教育厅重点实验室,辽宁大连116034

出　　处：《纺织高校基础科学学报》2024年第6期17-24,共8页Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22378034,21908015);辽宁省属本科高校基本科研业务费专项资金(LJ212410152019);辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2023JH2/101600003);大连市科技创新基金(2022JJ12SN055)。

摘　　要：为解决水浴染色能耗大、污染严重的技术难题,拓宽超临界CO_(2)无水染色技术的应用范围,以分散蓝56为原料,通过亲核取代反应接枝活性基团,研究其在超临界CO_(2)条件下对棉织物的染色性能,分析染色温度、压力、时间、染料用量对棉织物染色效果的影响,为此合成了含有均三嗪活性基团的活性分散染料。通过红外光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱和热稳定性分析,合成的蒽醌二氯均三嗪活性分散染料的红外光谱含有特征基团N—H、C—Cl的吸收振动峰,紫外-可见吸收光谱最大吸收峰出现在630nm,处于蓝色色光波段,初始质量损失温度为230℃,证明染料适合于超临界CO_(2)染色。单因素染色工艺优化结果为:温度120℃、压力24MPa、时间120min、染料用量为2%(o.w.f.)。染色后棉织物的耐水洗色牢度3~4级,耐干摩擦色牢度4~5级,耐湿摩擦色牢度4级。To solve the technical problem of serious energy consumption and pollution in water dyeing and expand the application range of supercritical CO_(2) dyeing technology,a triazine reactive disperse dye was synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction grafting of active groups with disperse blue 56 as raw material,and its dyeing performance on cotton fabric in supercritical CO_(2) fluid was studied.The influence of dyeing temperature,pressure,time,and dye concentration on the dyeing effect of cotton fabric was analyzed.Through FT-IR spectrum,UV-vis absorption spectrum,and thermal stability analysis,the FT-TR spectrum of the synthesized anthraquinone dichlorotriazine reactive disperse dye contains the absorption vibration peak of the N—H、C—Cl,and the maximum absorption peak of UV-vis absorption spectrum appears at 630 nm,in the blue light band.The initial weight loss temperature of 230℃proved that the dye is suitable for dyeing in supercritical CO_(2).The single factor experimental process optimization results are as follows:dyeing temperature is 120℃,pressure is 24 MPa,time is 120 min and dye dosage is 2%(o.w.f.).The washing fastness reaches grade 3~4,the dry rubbing fastness reaches grade 4~5,and the wet rubbing fastness reaches grade 4.

关 键 词：超临界CO_(2) 无水染色 染料合成 棉织物 

分 类 号：TQ610[化学工程—精细化工]