异三聚体G蛋白在植物免疫中的研究进展  

Research advances of heterotrimeric G-protein in plant immunity

作　　者：王益平 马俊 赵添 陈泉清 沙思源 杨姝颖 WANG Yiping;MA Jun;ZHAO Tian;CHEN Quanqing;SHA Siyuan;YANG Shuying(College of Plant Protection,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版)》2024年第6期1-10,共10页Journal of Yangzhou University:Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32470283)。

摘　　要：异三聚体G蛋白(heterotrimeric G-protein)由α、β、γ3个亚基构成,其介导的信号转导是真核生物普遍存在的转导机制,广泛参与调控神经传递、激素分泌、免疫应答、代谢调节、细胞增殖与分化等多种生理学过程。相较于动物,植物体内异三聚体G蛋白较少,如模式植物拟南芥基因组仅编码1个典型的Gα、Gβ和2个典型的Gγ。此外,植物还进化出非典型的超大Gα(extra-large G proteins,XLGs)和非典型的Gγ。针对植物异三聚体G蛋白亚基类别、激活与失活机制、植物免疫功能及其调控植物免疫的分子机制进行了综述,以期能更深入地了解植物异三聚体G蛋白的研究动态,为后续研究提供指导。Signal transduction mediated by heterotrimeric G-proteins,which consist ofα,β,andγsubunits,is commonly shared among eukaryotes and plays an important role in regulating a wide range of physiological processes such as neurotransmission,hormone secretion,immune response,metabolic regulation,and cell proliferation and differentiation.Unlike animals,plant genomes typically have fewer copies of genes encoding heterotrimeric G-protein subunits.For example,the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes only one canonical Gα,one Gβ,and two canonical Gγproteins.However,plants have evolved non-canonical Gαknown as extra-large G-proteins(XLGs),which possess an N-terminal extension,and a typical Gγproteins.Here,the composition of plant heterotrimeric G-proteins,their regulatory mechanisms for activation and deactivation,the role of heterotrimeric G-proteins in plant immunity,and the molecular mechanisms through which they regulate plant immunity are reviewed to expand our understanding of G-protein signaling in plant immunity and provide direction for future research on plant heterotrimeric G-proteins.

关 键 词：异三聚体G蛋白 信号转导 植物免疫 受体样蛋白激酶 XLG G蛋白信号调节因子 

分 类 号：S184[农业科学—农业基础科学] Q37[生物学—遗传学] Q71