新发传染病的流行形势和影响因素及应对策略思考  

Epidemiological trends,influencing factors and response strategies for emerging infectious diseases

作　　者：方心宇 范引光[1,4] 杨仕贵 叶冬青 FANG Xinyu;FAN Yinguang;YANG Shigui;YE Dongqing(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China;School of Public Health,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Hefei 231131,China;Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Inflammation and Immune-mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province,Hefei 230032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,合肥230032 [2]安徽理工大学公共卫生学院,合肥231131 [3]浙江大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,杭州310058 [4]炎症免疫性疾病安徽省实验室,合肥230032

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2025年第1期1-7,33,共8页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：新发传染病给全球公共卫生和社会经济带来了重大负担。在当今高度全球化的背景下,人类正面临新发传染病不断涌现、已有传染病复发的严峻局势,新发传染病的暴发和流行再次成为国际社会关注的焦点。新发传染病具有突发性和不可预测性等特点,其暴发和流行既是病原体不断发生变异的结果,也与生态系统被破坏、人口和社会因素改变有关。为深入探究新发传染病的关键因素,有效应对新发传染病的暴发和流行,有必要倡导“同一健康”理念,强化新发传染病的应对能力和技术,并合理应用科学技术,保障生物安全。旨在深入回顾新发传染病的历史危害,分析其成因,探讨有效的应对策略和技术,为应对未来可能出现的新发传染病大流行提供参考。Emerging infectious diseases have a significant burden on public health and socioeconomic systems.In the context of globalization,we are facing the severe challenge of emerging infectious diseases continuously appearing,which leads to bring the outbreaks and epidemics of these diseases back into focus the international community.Emerging infectious diseases are characterized by their suddenness and unpredictability.Their outbreaks and epidemics result from ongoing mutations of pathogens and are also related to ecological disruptions and changes in social and demographic factors.To explore the key factors of emerging infectious diseases in depth and to effectively respond to their outbreaks and epidemics,it is essential to advocate for the"One Health"concept,strengthen our capabilities and technologies for addressing emerging infectious diseases,and apply scientific and technological advancements rationally to ensure biosafety.This review aims to comprehensively examine the historical impacts of emerging infectious diseases,analyze their causes,and discuss effective response strategies and technologies,providing a reference for addressing potential future pandemics of emerging infectious diseases.

关 键 词：新发传染病 流行形势 防控策略 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学] R184[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]