库尾消落带生态综合修复技术与应用  

Research and Application of Ecological Comprehensive Restoration Technology for the Hydro-fluctuation Belt of Reservoir Tail

作　　者：朱仔伟[1] 钟文军 廖伟 梅雅茹[1] 赵玉枭 冯激 ZHU Zi-wei;ZHONG Wen-jun;LIAO Wei;MEI Ya-ru;ZHAO Yu-xiao;FENG Ji(Institute of Wildlife and Plant Protection,Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Nanchang 330021,China;School of Geography and Environment,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;Jiangxi JingdezhenYutian Lake National Wetland Park Management Committee,Jingdezhen 333000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院野生动植物保护研究所,南昌330021 [2]江西师范大学地理与环境学院,南昌330022 [3]江西景德镇玉田湖国家湿地公园,江西景德镇333000

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2025年第2期69-75,共7页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：江西省林业科学院基础研究与人才专项(2023521602,2022521602,2022511602)。

摘　　要：水陆频繁变动的库尾消落带生态系统结构单一和湿地功能退化,是水库生态修复治理的重点区域。当前应对“夏高水,秋冬长旱”的消落带生态修复技术效果并不理想。在景德镇市玉田湖库尾消落带应用林泽生态系统构建和生境多样化再造的综合修复技术,在消落带设置低堰碟形湖和生境岛,低堰和生境岛以中山杉等乔木优化构建林泽生境,林下搭配灌木,构建了近自然的“乔-灌-草”消落带湿地生态系统。林泽-生境再造综合修复技术实施后消落带湿地功能得到恢复,玉田湖区域景观质量得到提升,消落带生物多样性Shannon指数达1.69,库尾湿地生物多样性增加明显。该修复模式可为亚热带湖库库尾消落带生态修复提供技术支撑。The hydro-fluctuation belt(HFB)of reservoir tail is a critical area for ecological restoration due to the frequent changes in its water levels and land uses which lead to simplified ecosystem structures and degraded wetland functions.The efficiency of current ecological restoration technologies for managing high water levels in summer and prolonged droughts in autumn and winter in HFB are unsatisfactory.This study proposes a comprehensive restoration model that combines wetland-forest engineering construction and habitat diversification for the HFB in Yutian Lake of Jingdezhen City as a case study.Initially,low weirs and shallow lakes,along with habitat islands,were constructed in the HFB.These structures were then optimized by planting trees(such as Taxodium),shrubs,and grasses on the low weirs and habitat islands.This approach created a nearly natural“tree-shrub-grass”wetland ecosystem in the HFB of Yutian Lake reservoir.Our findings indicate that this comprehensive restoration technology is suitable for reservoir wetland HFB characterized by high water levels in summer and extended dry periods in autumn and winter.After restoration,the landscape quality of the Yutian Lake area has significantly improved.The Shannon biodiversity index reached 1.69,marking a substantial increase in biodiversity.The wetland function and ecosystem health in the HFB have also enhanced.This restoration mode and its effects have important implications for ecological management in similar reservoir wetland HFBs.

关 键 词：库尾消落带湿地 综合修复模式 林泽构建 生境多样化 生态修复 玉田湖水库 

分 类 号：P95[天文地球—自然地理学]