引江补汉工程运行对三峡水源区水环境的影响预测  

Predicting the Impact of Water Diversion Project from Yangtze River to Hanjiang River on Water Environment in the Water Source Area of Three Gorges Reservoir

作　　者：吴贞晖 王孟[1] 刘扬扬[1] 吴比 肖洋 张可可 WU Zhen-hui;WANG Meng;LIU Yang-yang;WU Bi;XIAO Yang;ZHANG Ke-ke(Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute,Wuhan 430051,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水资源保护科学研究所,武汉430051

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2025年第2期194-203,共10页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52109005)。

摘　　要：引江补汉工程实施将引起三峡库区水文情势和水质变化。为预测引江补汉工程运行对水源区水环境的影响,构建水源区二维水动力水质模型,分析丰、平、枯、特枯水年情景下水源区水文情势、水动力变化和化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮、总磷浓度时空分布特征,并提出相应的水环境保护措施。结果表明:引江补汉工程实施后,龙潭溪取水口水域水动力条件显著增强,各月流速增幅达0~0.04 m/s;工程实施后取水口水质受引水拖拽作用趋向于主库区,不同典型年下该断面COD、氨氮、总磷年均变化幅度分别介于-2.31%~0.41%、4.18%~8.20%、0.77%~1.82%,非引水时段有发生富营养化风险。研究成果可为引江补汉工程水源区水环境保护与治理提供理论与技术支撑。The implementation of the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang River Diversion Project will significantly alter the hydrology and water quality of the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR).To predict its environmental impacts on the water source area of TGR,we develop a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model to analyze changes in hydrological and hydrodynamic conditions across wet,normal,dry,and extremely-dry years,and also reveal the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of COD,NH 3-N,and TP concentration.Based on these results,we propose corresponding water environment protection measures.Results indicate a substantial improvement in the hydrodynamic conditions at the Longtanxi water intake following the project’s implementation,with monthly flow velocities increasing by 0 to 0.04 m/s.Due to the river diversion’s dragging effect,the water quality in the intake area approaches that of the main reservoir area.The annual average changes in COD,NH_(3)-N,and TP concentration at the water intake during different typical years range from-2.31%to 0.41%,4.18%to 8.2%,and 0.77%to 1.82%,respectively.Additionally,there is a risk of eutrophication in the intake area during non-diversion periods.These findings provide theoretical and technical support for the protection and remediation of water environment in the water source area.

关 键 词：引江补汉工程 三峡水源区 水环境影响预测 数值模拟 二维水动力水质模型 水环境保护与治理 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]