生物炭对中重度盐胁迫下棉花苗期根系形态及根系分泌物的影响  

Effects of biochar on cotton seedling root morphology and root exudates under moderate and severe saline stress

作　　者：刘丹阳 王伯豪 李君[4] 马合巴丽·奥腊孜别克 张翰申 朱新萍 杨再磊 贾宏涛[1,3,6] 徐万里 LIU Danyang;WANG Bohao;LI Jun;MAHEBALI Orazbek;ZHANG Hanshen;ZHU Xinping;YANG Zaile;JIA Hongtao;XUWanli(College of Resources and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;College of Biological and Resource Environment,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes,Urumqi 830052,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Saving,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Land Improvement and Utilization(Saline-alkali Land in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]北京农学院生物与资源环境学院,北京102206 [3]新疆土壤与植物生态过程重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [4]新疆农业大学化学化工学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [5]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [6]农业农村部盐碱地改良与利用(干旱半干旱区盐碱地)重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2025年第1期50-58,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点研发专项子课题(2021YFD1900802-4);新疆农业大学研究生科研创新项目(XJAUGRI2023029)。

摘　　要：为了揭示生物炭对中重度盐胁迫下棉花苗期根系生长及其根系分泌物的调控作用,本试验利用盆栽,向中度和重度盐碱土壤中分别添加浓度为0(对照)、0.5%、1%、2%的棉秆炭和磷酸改性棉秆炭,测定了苗期棉花总根长、根表面积、根系体积以及根系甲酸、乙酸和草酸等分泌物的量。结果表明:土壤盐度的增加显著抑制了苗期棉花根系的总根长、根表面积和根系体积。在中度和重度盐胁迫条件下,与对照相比添加2%的生物炭和磷酸改性生物炭处理的棉花总根长分别显著增加了55.92%和43.69%,根系体积分别显著增加了41.73%和55.88%,而0.5%的生物炭处理的棉花总根长降低了25.31%。使用未改性的生物炭主要增加了苗期棉花根系甲酸含量,而磷酸改性生物炭则显著增加了根系中草酸、甲酸和柠檬酸的含量。可溶性总糖与土壤pH和总盐呈显著正相关,棉花根系甲酸含量与土壤pH呈显著负相关,草酸、甲酸和柠檬酸含量分别与棉花根系生长指标呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。研究表明,在中度或重度盐分土壤中施用2%磷酸改性生物炭对提高棉花根系生长和耐盐生理特性方面的效果优于未改性生物炭。To reveal the regulatory effect of biochar on cotton seedling root growth and root exudates under moderate to severe salt stress,pot experiments were conducted by adding concentrations of 0(control),0.5%,1%,and 2% biochar and phosphoric acid-modified biochar to moderate and severe saline alkali soils,respectively,and the total root length,root surface area,root volume,and amounts of root exudates such as methane acid,acetic acid,and oxalic acid were measured during the seedling-stage of cotton.The results indicated that the increase in soil salinity significantly inhibited the total root length,root surface area,and root volume of cotton roots of the seedling stage.Under moderate and severe salt stress conditions,compared with the control,the total root length of cotton treated with 2% biochar and phosphoric acid-modified biochar significantly increased by 55.92% and 43.69%,respectively,and the root volume significantly increased by 41.73% and 55.88%,while the total root length of cotton treated with 0.5% biochar decreased by 25.31%.The use of unmodified biochar mainly increased the root methane acid content in cotton roots at seedling stage,while phosphoric acid-modified biochar significantly increased the content of oxalic acid,methane acid and citric acid in roots.Soluble total sugars showed a significant positive correlation with soil pH and soil total salt content.The content of methane acid in the cotton root was significantly negatively correlated with soil pH.The contents of oxalic acid,methane acid,and citric acid were significantly positively correlated with cotton root growth indicators(P<0.05).It can be concluded from the results that the recommended application of 2% phosphoric acid-modified biochar in moderately or severely saline soil is better than unmodified biochar in improving cotton root growth and salt tolerance physiological characteristics.

关 键 词：生物炭 盐胁迫 总根长 草酸 可溶性糖 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] S156.4