绿肥稻田土壤甲烷减排材料筛选及减排机制研究  

Screening of methane abatement materials and reduction mechanisms in green manure paddy soils

作　　者：孙晋鑫 周国朋 马正波 梁婷 常单娜 刘佳[4] 刘晗 曹卫东[1] SUN Jinxin;ZHOU Guopeng;MA Zhengbo;LIANG Ting;CHANG Danna;LIU Jia;LIU Han;CAO Weidong(State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arable Land in China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management,College of Resources and Environmental Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization/Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer,College of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Soil and Fertilizer&Resources and Environmental Institute,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室,北京100081 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院/养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室,北京100193 [3]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院/农田生态保育与养分资源高效利用安徽省重点实验室/安徽省绿色磷肥智能制造与高效利用工程研究中心,合肥230036 [4]江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,南昌330200

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2025年第1期194-203,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1700200);国家自然科学基金项目(32072678,32202609);国家绿肥产业技术体系项目(CARS-22)。

摘　　要：绿肥在培育健康土壤和保障水稻高产优质方面具有重要作用,然而高量有机物还田可能引发稻田土壤的甲烷(CH_(4))增排,须研发相应的管控路径。本研究通过在添加绿肥后的稻田土壤中施用田菁炭、过氧化钙、硫磺、2-氯乙烷磺酸钠和针铁矿5种CH_(4)减排材料,研究其CH_(4)减排效果,并针对减排效果较好的材料开展了作用机制研究。结果表明:与无绿肥(CK)相比,绿肥还田增加了稻田土壤CH_(4)排放,添加减排材料后CH_(4)排放降低。其中,与单独绿肥(GM)相比,添加田菁炭(GM+C)和硫磺(GM+S)CH_(4)累积排放量降幅较小,分别为19.5%和23.8%;2-氯乙烷磺酸钠(GM+CES)相较于GM的CH_(4)减排效果最佳,CH_(4)累积排放量降低了66.7%,全球增温潜势(GWP)降低了52.5%。培养结束时(90 d),与GM相比,添加2-氯乙烷磺酸钠的土壤pH降低了0.4个单位,产甲烷古菌mcrA丰度降低了29.9%。随机森林模型和相关性分析发现产甲烷古菌mcrA基因丰度与CH_(4)排放呈显著正相关,说明产甲烷古菌是驱动绿肥稻田CH_(4)排放的重要因子。研究表明,绿肥稻田土壤可通过添加减排材料实现CH_(4)减排,本研究中以2-氯乙烷磺酸钠的效果最优,其专一、高效抑制产甲烷古菌群落,是未来值得探索的绿肥稻田土壤CH_(4)减排材料。Green manure plays an important role in cultivating healthy soil and ensuring high yield and quality of rice.However,it may trigger the increase of CH_(4) emission from green manure paddy soil for the return of high amount of organic matter to the field,and corresponding control pathways need to be developed.In this study,we investigated the CH_(4) emission reduction effects of five CH_(4) abatement materials,including sesbania biochar,calcium peroxide,sulfur,2-chloroethanesulfonate,and goethite,after green manure returned to the paddy soils through simulation experiments,and carried out the mechanism studies for the materials with better abatement effects.The results showed that green manure returned to paddy field increased CH_(4) emission compared with no green manure(CK),and CH_(4) emission was reduced by the addition of abatement materials.Among them,the cumulative CH_(4) emission reduction was smaller with the addition of the sesbania biochar(GM+C)and sulfur(GM+S)compared to green manure alone(GM)19.5% and 23.8%,respectively.And 2-chloroethanesulfonate(GM+CES)showed the best CH_(4) emission reduction compared to GM,with 66.7% reduction in cumulative CH_(4) emission and 52.5% reduction in global warming potential(GWP).At the end of the incubation(90 d),compared to GM,the addition of 2-chloroethanesulfonate decreased soil pH by 0.4 units and methanogenic archaea by 29.9%.Random forest modeling and correlation analyses revealed that the abundance of the mcrA gene of methanogenic archaea was significantly and positively correlated with CH_(4) emission,and this result suggests that methanogenic archaea is an important factor in driving CH_(4) emission from paddy soil.In summary,CH_(4) emission can be reduced through the addition of emission-reduction materials to green manure paddy field soils.Among these,2-chloroethanesulfonate demonstrates the best performance in this study,specifically and efficiently inhibiting the methanogenic archaeal community,making it a promising material for future exploration in reduc

关 键 词：绿肥 CH_(4) 减排材料 产甲烷古菌 2-氯乙烷磺酸钠 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X144