缓释肥分层减施对花生田温室气体排放特征的影响  

Effects of slow-release fertilizer reduction and layered application on the greenhouse gas emission characteristics of peanut fields

作　　者：曹议丹 钱麟君 孙玉洁 杨力剑 司彤 邹晓霞 CAO Yidan;QIAN Linjun;SUN Yüjie;YANG Lijian;SI Tong;ZOU Xiaoxia(College of Agronomy,Qingdao Agricultural University/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming Technology/Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Peanut Production,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学院/山东省旱作农业技术重点实验室/山东省花生产业协同创新中心,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2025年第1期217-226,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-13)。

摘　　要：为探究缓释肥分层减施对花生田间温室气体排放的影响,本试验以农民常规施肥为对照(CK),选用复合肥(CF)和缓释肥(RF)开展分层减肥试验,设2个减肥梯度,分别较CK减氮10%和20%,共组合为CF10%、CF20%、RF10%、RF20%,采用静态箱-气相色谱法,监测花生生育期内N_(2)O、CH_(4)和CO_(2)排放通量、核算全球增温潜势效应(GWP)。结果表明:各处理温室气体排放通量呈相似的波动变化,花生生育期内植株-土壤体系表现为N_(2)O排放源、CH_(4)和CO_(2)吸收汇;与CK相比,各分层减肥处理均显著降低N_(2)O累积排放量(11.29%~27.06%),其中,RF10%较CF10%、RF20%较CF20%的N_(2)O排放量分别显著降低13.30%、13.87%;各分层减肥处理CH_(4)累积吸收量均显著高于CK,其中,RF10%和RF20%较之分别提升19.02%和16.87%,RF10%处理CH_(4)累积吸收量亦显著高于CF10%(11.28%);RF10%处理CO_(2)累积吸收量显著高于CK(11.35%),但与RF20%差异不显著;肥料类型对N_(2)O和CH_(4)平均排放速率分别产生显著和极显著影响,肥料用量仅对N_(2)O平均排放速率影响显著;土壤温度与温室气体排放通量呈极显著的相关性,土壤湿度仅对CH_(4)排放通量影响显著。与CK相比,CF10%、CF20%、RF10%、RF20%处理GWP分别显著降低13.37%、18.48%、27.90%、32.09%。研究表明,分层减肥有利于降低花生田间温室气体排放,且以缓释肥分层减施10%和20%效果更佳,可在农业生产中推广应用。Exploring the effects of slow-release fertilizer reduction and layered application on greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions in peanut fields can promote green and low-carbon agricultural production.In this study,conventional fertilization was used as the control(CK),and compound fertilizer(CF)and slow-release fertilizer(RF)were selected for layered fertilization,with 10% and 20% nitrogen reduction compared with CK.A total of four treatments were combined:CF10%,CF20%,RF10%,and RF20%.The emission fluxes of N_(2)O,CH_(4),and CO_(2) during peanut growth period were monitored by static chamber-gas chromatograph techniques and the global warming potential effects(GWP)were calculated.The results showed that the emission fluxes of GHGs under each treatment showed similar fluctuations,and that the plant-soil systems constituted N_(2)O emission sources and CO_(2) and CH_(4) absorption sinks during the growth period of the peanut.Compared with CK,the N_(2)O emissions of each treatment were significantly reduced by 11.29%-27.06%,and the N_(2)O emissions of RF10% compared with CF10% and RF20% compared with CF20% were reduced by 13.30% and 13.87%,respectively.The CH_(4) absorption of each layered fertilization treatment was significantly higher than that of CK,among which RF10% and RF20% were increased by 19.02% and 16.87%,respectively,and the CH_(4) absorption of the RF10%treatment was significantly higher than that of CF10%(11.28%).The cumulative CO_(2) absorption of the RF10%treatment was significantly higher than that of CK(11.35%),but no significant difference was found compared with RF20%.The fertilizer type had a significant and extremely significant effect on the average emission rate of N_(2)O and CH_(4),respectively,while the fertilizer application amount only had a significant effect on the average N_(2)O emission rate.Soil temperature had a good correlation with GHGs fluxes,whereas soil moisture had a significant effect only on the emission fluxes of CH_(4).Compared with CK,the GWPs of CF10%,CF20%,RF10%,and RF20% treatments

关 键 词：花生 缓释肥 分层施肥 温室气体排放 增温潜势 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S565.2[农业科学—作物学]