地震作用下油井套管的动力响应分析研究  

Dynamic response of oil well casings during earthquakes

作　　者：刘洋 刘汉辰[1] 何锦涛 范琳琳 褚峰 LIU Yang;LIU Hanchen;HE Jintao;FAN Linlin;CHU Feng(School of Urban Planning and Municipal Engineering,Xi'an Polytechnic University,Xi'an 710048,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Well Stability and Fluid&Rock Mechanics in Oil and Gas Reservoir of Shaanxi Province,Xi'an Shiyou University,Xi'an 710065,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学城市规划与市政工程学院,陕西西安710048 [2]陕西省油气井及储层渗流与岩石力学重点实验室,西安石油大学,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《地震工程学报》2025年第2期309-318,共10页China Earthquake Engineering Journal

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022SF-085);陕西省油气井及储层渗流与岩石力学重点实验室开放基金(WSFRM20200102001)。

摘　　要：地震作用下油井套管的动力响应规律关系到油井生产和运营的安全性。基于弹性地基梁和土-结构相互作用理论,建立套管横向振动力学模型;运用有限元和时程分析法,建立无油井套管的场地土层和油井套管-土的数值模型,研究不同加速度峰值El-Centro波作用下油井套管动力响应规律。结果表明:(1)套管、土体的位移和加速度响应随着埋深增大而减小,且减小幅度增大。(2)套管的存在降低了场地土的地震动力响应,但降低幅度较小。(3)地面0 m处套管的地震动力响应最显著,土体非线性特征明显;套管在地面0 m处附近产生应力集中,为最不利位置处。(4)在土体刚度变化较大的位置出现应力突变,应力峰值在2~6 s、9~12 s持续波动,对套管造成较大的变形与破坏;套管加速度时程曲线比输入的地震波时程曲线滞后0.08 s。(5)地面0 m处附近约束套管的土体变形比较深处的土体严重,加速度时程曲线呈现明显的多峰特征。研究结论可为油井的抗震设计、安全生产和运营维护等提供理论依据和技术支撑。The dynamic response of oil well casings during earthquakes is crucial for the safety of oil well production and operation.In this work,a mechanical model for the transverse vibration of oil well casings was established based on the theory of elastic foundation beam and soil-structure interaction.Moreover,the numerical models for site soils without oil well casing and oil well casing-soil were established using the finite element and time-history analysis methods.The dynamic response characteristics of oil well casings subjected to El-Centro waves with varying peak accelerations were also investigated.The results indicate that,with increased burial depth,the displacement and acceleration responses of the casing and soil decrease,while the reduction amplitude increases.The seismic dynamic response of site soil is decreased due to the casing,while the reduction amplitude is small.The casing's seismic dynamic response is most pronounced at the surface(0 m),highlighting the nonlinear characteristics of soil.The casing produces stress concentration near the surface(0 m),representing the most critical position.The sudden change of stress occurs at the position where the soil stiffness changes considerably,with peak stress values fluctuating continuously in 2-6 and 9-12 s,resulting in severe deformation and damage to the casing.Furthermore,the acceleration time-history curve of the casing lags behind the input seismic wave time-history curve by 0.08 s.Soil deformation near the surface(0 m)is more severe than that in deep soil,and the acceleration time-history curve exhibits distinct multipeak characteristics.The research findings serve as a theoretical foundation and provide technical support for seismic design,safe production,operation,and maintenance of oil wells.

关 键 词：油井套管结构 地震动力响应 非线性时程分析 有限元数值模拟 

分 类 号：TE931[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备] TU96[建筑科学]