舰船设备关键零件的冲击损伤累积及寿命预测方法  

Impact damage accumulation and life prediction method for key components of ship equipment

作　　者：陈卓 闫明[1] 金映丽[1] CHEN Zhuo;YAN Ming;JIN Yingli(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学机械工程学院,沈阳110870

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第3期163-170,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51775354)。

摘　　要：针对舰船设备在海战时遭受敌方武器及自身火炮后坐力冲击造成的损伤累积问题,提出了隶属函数和Miner损伤累积理论相结合的冲击疲劳寿命预测方法。从外界冲击中提取冲击幅值和均值,根据GM(1,1)模型预测冲击幅值的参数,并利用BP(back propagation)神经网络修正残差提高预测精度。利用疲劳模数与寿命的联系提出一种新的应力-寿命模型,并基于多项式变异理论确定模型中的参数。将舰船设备上的关键零件6061铝合金轴作为试验对象,并结合几种隶属函数预测试件的冲击疲劳寿命。结果表明:采用Γ分布隶属函数求得的冲击疲劳寿命预测值与试验值相比误差最小,且当Γ分布中的k值一定时,参数a_(1)的变化在初始阶段对预测值基本不产生影响,只有当a_(1)逐渐接近S_(0)时才会有微小的影响。说明提出的疲劳寿命预测方法是可靠的,为舰船设备关键零件的冲击损伤累积研究及寿命预测提供理论参考和数据基础。Here,aiming at damage accumulation problem caused by enemy weapons and our own artillery recoil force impacts on ship equipment during naval battles,an impact fatigue life prediction method based on combination of membership functions and Miner damage accumulation theory was proposed.Impact amplitudes and mean values were extracted from external shocks,parameters of impact amplitudes were predicted according to GM(1,1)model,and BP neural network was used to correct residuals,and improve prediction accuracy.A new stress-life model was proposed by utilizing the relation between fatigue modulus and life,and parameters in the model were determined based on polynomial variation theory.The key component 6061 aluminum alloy shaft of ship equipment was taken as the test object,and several membership functions were combined to predict impact fatigue lives of specimens.The results showed that the predicted values of impact fatigue lives obtained by usingΓdistribution membership function have the smallest error compared to test values;when k value inΓdistribution is constant,change of parameter a_(1) has little effect on the predicted value in the initial stage,and only has a slight effect when a_(1) gradually approaches S_(0),so the proposed fatigue life prediction method is reliable to provide theoretical reference and data basis for accumulation study of impact damage and life prediction of key components of ship equipment.

关 键 词：灰色估计 多项式变异 冲击损伤累积 隶属函数 寿命预测 

分 类 号：TB114.3[理学—概率论与数理统计]