载荷波动下的圆柱滚子轴承保持架运动稳定性分析  

Motion stability analysis of cylindrical roller bearing cage under load fluctuation

作　　者：涂文兵 娄元阔 刘晨露 王佳明 黄怡彬 TU Wenbing;LOU Yuankuo;LIU Chenlu;WANG Jiaming;HUANG Yibin(School of Mechatronic and Vehicle Engineering,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,南昌330013

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第3期221-229,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52365010);江西省自然科学基金(20242BAB25262)。

摘　　要：轴承在服役过程中,受工作环境的影响,外部载荷存在不同形式的波动,影响了保持架的运动稳定性,进而降低了轴承的运转精度及寿命。该文综合考虑了滚动体与保持架间的黏滞阻尼效应、润滑油的流体动压作用,以及外圈与轴承座的振动耦合效应,建立了圆柱滚子轴承保持架三自由度的动力学分析模型。研究了载荷波动类型、载荷波动幅值以及载荷波动频率对保持架运动稳定性的影响。结果表明:矩形载荷波动下保持架质心轨迹最为紊乱,保持架质心速度偏差比最大;载荷波动频率、幅值越大,保持架质心轨迹越紊乱,保持架质心速度偏差比也越大。该研究对于评估保持架断裂和磨损的内在机理、优化轴承运行精度、延长轴承寿命等具有重要研究意义。During service of bearings,external load fluctuates in different forms due to influence of working environment,load fluctuation affects motion stability of bearing cage,and reduces bearing operating accuracy and service life.Here,comprehensively considering viscous damping effect between rolling elements and cage,fluid dynamic pressure effect of lubricating oil as well as outer ring-bearing housing coupled vibration effect,a 3-DOF dynamic analysis model for a cylindrical roller bearing cage was established to study effects of load fluctuation types,load fluctuation amplitudes and load fluctuation frequencies on motion stability of cage.The results showed that trajectory of cage mass center is most disorderly under rectangular load fluctuation,and the deviation ratio of cage mass center velocity is the largest;the larger the frequency and amplitude of load fluctuation,the more disorderly the trajectory of cage mass center and the larger the deviation ratio of cage mass center velocity;the study results are of great significance for evaluating intrinsic mechanism of cage fracture and wear,optimizing bearing operating accuracy and extending bearing life.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 载荷波动 保持架 动力学 稳定性 

分 类 号：TH133.332[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]