硬质合金强韧化理论设计及应用  

Theoretical Design and Application of Strengthening and Toughening of Cemented Carbides

作　　者：彭英彪[1] 李锟 刘天柱 龙坚战[2] 刘钢 谭振宇 Peng Yingbiao;Li Kun;Liu Tianzhu;Long Jianzhan;Liu Gang;Tan Zhenyu(Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou Hunan 412000,China;Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Group Co.Ltd,Zhuzhou Hunan 412000,China;OKE Precision Cutting Tools Co.,Ltd,Zhuzhou Hunan 412000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学,湖南株洲412000 [2]株洲硬质合金集团有限公司,湖南株洲412000 [3]株洲欧科亿数控精密刀具股份有限公司,湖南株洲412000

出　　处：《硬质合金》2024年第6期461-476,共16页Cemented Carbides

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2023JJ50182);国家自然科学基金项目(52471010)。

摘　　要：硬质合金因具备多种优越性能而在现代工业中不可或缺,但其硬度与韧性的矛盾制约了其性能进一步提升。多尺度材料计算方法融合多尺度理论模型与关键实验,能高效研发新材料,为硬质合金强韧化提供科学支撑。本文介绍了第一性原理计算、热力学和动力学计算、相场模拟及有限元模拟等理论手段,展示了黏结相强韧化(纳米相析出)、硬质相强韧化(调幅分解)以及组织结构优化(表面梯度结构和晶须增韧)等硬质合金强度和韧性协同提升的有效措施,并探讨了通过理论设计和关键实验验证相结合的方法来高效提升硬质合金性能。多尺度材料计算方法可为设计和制备出高强高韧硬质合金材料提供理论依据和实践指导,未来需在此基础上深入研究材料微结构演变的内在机制及其与性能的构效关系,推动硬质合金材料研发的创新和进步。Cemented carbides are indispensable in modern industry due to their various superior properties,but the contradiction between their hardness and toughness limits further performance improvement.Multi-scale material calculation methods integrate multi-scale theoretical models with key experiments,which ensure the efficient development of new materials and provide scientific support for the strengthening and toughening of cemented carbides.This article introduced theoretical methods such as first-principles calculations,thermodynamic and kinetic calculations,phase field simulations,and finite element simulations and demonstrated effective measures for the synergistic enhancement of strength and toughness in cemented carbides,including binder phase strengthening and toughening(nano-scale phase precipitation),hard phase strengthening and toughening(spinodal decomposition),and microstructure optimization(surface gradient structures and whisker toughening).It also discussed the efficient enhancement of cemented carbide performance through a combination of theoretical design and key experimental validation.Multi-scale material calculation methods can provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for designing and preparing high-strength and high-toughness cemented carbide materials.In the future,it is necessary to further study the intrinsic mechanisms of material microstructure evolution and its structure-property relationships on this basis,so as to promote innovation and progress in the development of cemented carbide materials.

关 键 词：硬质合金 计算设计 纳米析出强化 调幅分解 组织结构优化 晶须增韧 表面梯度结构 

分 类 号：TG1[金属学及工艺—金属学]