刀具涂层对铝基材料钻铣加工性能的影响  

Influence of Tool Coating on Drilling and Routing Performance of Aluminum-Based Materials

作　　者：胡健 厉学广 刘光雄 屈建国 陈成 李基麟 Hu Jian;Li Xueguang;Liu Guangxiong;Qu Jianguo;Chen Cheng;Li Jilin(Shenzhen Jinzhou Precision Technology Corp,Shenzhen Guangdong 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市金洲精工科技股份有限公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《硬质合金》2024年第6期515-525,共11页Cemented Carbides

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3806700)。

摘　　要：研究了刀具涂层的种类对6063铝合金以及铝基板等典型的铝基材料的加工性能的影响。利用摩擦磨损试验机研究了不同涂层对铝合金的摩擦系数,分析了对磨副表面磨痕形貌和成分。针对6063铝合金板和5052铝基板钻铣加工,分别设计了不同种类涂层的钻头和铣刀,通过钻铣性能测试、加工品质的评价,分析了铝合金钻铣削加工难点、刀具失效机理,获得了消费电子和电子电路用典型铝基材料加工高品质、长寿命的解决方案。研究结果显示,无氢类金刚石涂层摩擦系数最小约为0.06,碳基复合涂层摩擦系数约为0.15,硬质合金、TiSi基涂层、TiAl基涂层摩擦系数均大于0.6。无氢类金刚石涂层可有效抑制铝屑在钻头和铣刀表面附着,提升刀具的排屑能力,从而保持机械加工过程中切削刃的锋利度。在钻孔过程中,可有效改善微钻断刀、孔表面毛刺严重、刀具寿命短的现象。相比于未涂层硬质合金微钻,钻孔寿命提升3倍。在铣削过程中,可解决铣削槽表面毛刺严重、尺寸稳定性差的问题。加工铝基板10 m后,仍可保证优异的尺寸精度。The influence of tool coatings on the processing performance of 6063 aluminum alloy and aluminum substrate,as well as typical aluminum-based materials,was studied.The friction coefficient of aluminum alloy with different coatings was studied by using a friction and wear testing machine,and the morphology and composition of the wear scars on the surface of the grinding pairs were analyzed.Different kinds of coated drill bits and routers were designed to machine 6063 aluminum alloy plate and 5052 aluminum substrate.Through the testing of drilling and routing performance and the evaluation of machining quality,the processing difficulties and tool failure mechanism of aluminum alloy during drilling and routing were analyzed,and the solutions to high quality and long life for processing typical aluminum-based materials used in consumer electronics and electronic circuits were obtained.The results show that the minimum friction coefficient of hydrogen-free diamond-like coating is about 0.06;the friction coefficient of carbon-based composite coating is about 0.15,and the friction coefficients of cemented carbide,TiSi-based coating,and TiAl-based coating are all greater than 0.6.Hydrogen-free diamond-like coating can effectively inhibit the adhesion of aluminum chips on the drill bits and router,improve the chip removal ability of the tool,and keep the cutting edge sharp during machining.During the drilling process,the problems of the broken micro drill bits,a large amount of burrs on the surface of the hole,and short tool life are solved.Compared with uncoated cemented carbide micro drill bits,the life of the drills is increased by three times.During the routing process,a large amount of burrs on the surface of the slot and poor dimensional stability are solved.After routing an aluminum substrate of 10 m,excellent dimensional accuracy can still be obtained.

关 键 词：铝基材料 电子电路 微型钻头 铣刀 涂层 

分 类 号：TG1[金属学及工艺—金属学]