郑畋《马嵬坡》“肃宗回马杨妃死”考辨  

On the First Line of the Poem Ma Wei Po by ZHENG Tian

作　　者：韦福建 WEI Fujian(School of Humanities,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200000,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200000

出　　处：《洛阳理工学院学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期81-85,共5页Journal of Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：郑畋的《马嵬坡》是一首脍炙人口的咏史诗,但在流传过程中出现了“肃宗回马”与“玄宗回马”这一重大异文,而这处异文是正确理解此诗的关键所在。通过梳理该诗在历代文献中的记载情况可知,吴开的《优古堂诗话》是该处异文的源头,他的妄改造成后世学者对此诗的误读。根据文献可靠度、相关史实及唐人书写习惯和诗歌内在逻辑,可以发现《唐阙史》所载《郑相国题马嵬诗》条中的“肃宗回马”当为本诗原貌。Ma Wei Po,a poem written by ZHENG Tian of the Tang Dynasty,is a popular epic,but in the process of circulation,there appears a major misunderstanding of the first line that whether"the Emperor Su Zong"or"the Emperor Xuan Zong"returns to the capital of Chang′an,which is the key to the correct understanding of this poem.This paper,combing through the records of the poem in different literatures of the past dynasties,comes to realize that Yougutang Poem Collections by WU Jian is the origin of the false texts,whose delusion led to the misunderstanding of the poem by later scholars.According to the analysis of the reliability of the literatures,the relevant historical facts,the writing habits of the Tang people and the internal logic of the poems,it can be found that the records of the line that the Emperor Su Zong returns to Chang′an in ZHENG Xiangguo′s(the prime minister)Poem on Ma Wei Po contained in The History of the Tang Dynasty should be the original version of the poem.

关 键 词：郑畋 《马嵬坡》 肃宗回马 玄宗回马 唐阙史 

分 类 号：I222.7[文学—中国文学]