粉垄耕作对宿根蔗苗期土壤理化性质、细菌群落结构及产量的影响  

Effects of Fenlong tillage on soil physicochemical properties,bacterial community structure and yield of ratoon sugarcane at seedling stage

作　　者：黄渝岚 申章佑[1] 周佳[1] 李艳英[1] 劳承英[1] 李素平 周灵芝[1] 韦本辉[1] 张宪 HUANG Yu-lan;SHEN Zhang-you;ZHOU Jia;LI Yan-ying;LAO Cheng-ying;LI Su-ping;ZHOU Ling-zhi;WEI Ben-hui;ZHANG Xian(Cash Crops Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院经济作物研究所,南宁530007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第12期2659-2668,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YM07);广西农业科学院稳定资助科研团队项目(桂农科2021YT056)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究粉垄耕作1年后对宿根蔗苗期土壤理化性质、细菌群落结构及产量的影响,为粉垄技术改善土壤质量提供参考依据。【方法】设置粉垄耕作(FL)和传统旋耕(对照,CK)处理,利用高通量测序技术研究不同处理间根际土壤细菌多样性和群落结构差异,并探讨细菌群落结构与环境因子的相关性,分析其对宿根蔗产量的影响。【结果】与CK相比,FL处理能显著提高宿根蔗产量(P<0.05,下同);除30~45 cm土层的铵态氮和速效钾含量外,FL处理能显著或极显著(P<0.01)提高土壤有机质、铵态氮、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量。FL处理后根际土壤细菌丰富度和多样性增加,根际土壤的主要优势菌门为放线菌门、变形菌门、绿弯菌门、厚壁菌门和酸杆菌门。基于操作分类单元(OTU)水平进行主成分分析和ANOSIM分析,发现FL处理与CK的根际土壤细菌群落组成存在差异。基于细菌分类水平的分析发现,FL处理中存在4个独有细菌群落;FL处理中Unclassified_k_norank_d_Bacteria、装甲菌门和GAL15的相对丰度显著高于CK。冗余分析结果表明,铵态氮、速效磷与速效钾含量对细菌群落变化有显著或极显著影响。细菌群落门水平相对丰度与环境因子的相关分析表明,有11个细菌门与不同环境因子呈显著或极显著相关关系。【结论】粉垄耕作通过增加根际土壤细菌的丰富度和多样性,有效促进土壤养分循环,显著增加土壤有机质、铵态氮、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量,从而促使宿根蔗产量增加。[Objective]The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Fenlong tillage after one year on soil physicochemical properties,bacterial community structure and yield of ratoon sugarcane at seedling stage,and provide theoretical basis for the improvement of soil quality by Fenlong tllage.[Method]Fenlong tllage(FL)and traditional rotary tllage(CK)treatments were set up.High-throughput sequencing technology was used to study the differences of bacterial diversity and community structure in rhizosphere soil under dfferent illage practices,and to investigate the correlation between bacterial communities structure and environmental factors,to explore their effects on yield of ratoon sugarcane.[Result]Compared with CK,FL treatment significantly increased the yield of ratoon sugarcane(P<0.05,the same as below),except the contents of ammonium nitrogen and available potassium in the 30-45 cm soil layer,FL treatment could significantly or extremely significantly(P<0.01)improved the content of soil organic matter,ammonium nitrogen,alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus and availa-ble potassium.FL treatment increased the richness and diversity of bacterial in rhizosphere soil.The dominant phyla in rhizosphere soil were Actinobacteriota,Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi,Firmicutes,Acidobacteria.Principal component analysis and ANOSIM analysis based on the op-erational taxonomic unit(OTUs)level revealed differences in the composition of the rhizosphere soil bacterial community between FL and CK.Four bacterial communities were found to be unique under FL treatment at the bacterial phylum level.The relative abundance of Unclas-sified_k_norank_d_Bacteria,Armatimonadota and GAL15 under FL treatment was significantly higher than CK.Redundancy analysis revealed that ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium contents had significant or extremely significantly effect on the varia-tion of bacterial community.Correlation analysis between the relative abundance of rhizosphere soil bacterial phyla and environmental fac

关 键 词：粉垄耕作 宿根蔗 土壤理化性质 细菌群落结构 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]