干旱胁迫对伸根期雪茄烟生长生理和代谢的影响  

Effects of drought stress on growth physiology and metabolism of cigar tobacco in root spreading stage

作　　者：廖杨子杰 杨锦鹏 梁太波[1] 杨瑞玮 杨春雷 张艳玲[1] 戴华鑫[1] LIAOYANG Zi-jie;YANG Jin-peng;LIANG Tai-bo;YANG Rui-wei;YANG Chun-lei;ZHANGYan-ling;DAI Hua-xin(Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Hubei Academy of Tobacco Science,Wuhan 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,郑州450001 [2]湖北省烟草科学研究院,武汉430030

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第12期2720-2729,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司科技重大专项项目[110202101013(XJ-05)]。

摘　　要：【目的】干旱胁迫严重影响雪茄烟产量和品质,探寻干旱胁迫下伸根期雪茄烟生长生理和代谢物质变化规律,对于提高雪茄烟抗旱性具有重要意义。【方法】本研究以雪茄烟茄芯品种楚雪14(CX14)为试验材料,在温室盆栽条件下研究4个(T1~T4)不同土壤相对含水量(SRWC)对伸根期雪茄烟农艺性状及生理生化指标的影响;设置对照(C)和干旱胁迫(D)2个处理,通过UPLC-MS/MS技术分析干旱胁迫下伸根期雪茄烟代谢物变化,为提高其抗旱性提供参考依据。【结果】随着土壤相对含水量由85%梯度降至40%,雪茄烟株高、茎围、叶数、叶长、叶宽等指标呈下降趋势,根、茎、叶等组织生物量和叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率等生理指标逐渐减少,叶片SOD活性、MDA和PRO水平显著上升。干旱胁迫下,雪茄烟烟叶中上调差异代谢物166种,下调69种,以氨基酸及其衍生物和类黄酮为主,伸根期雪茄烟抗旱关键代谢物有N-乙酰-L-色氨酸、L-精氨酸、L-组氨酸、柚皮素-7-O-芸香糖苷、香橙素-7-O-葡萄糖苷等;在筛选出的12条差异代谢通路中,5条氨基酸代谢通路占主导地位,分别是色氨酸代谢、D-氨基酸代谢、氨基酸生物合成、精氨酸生物合成、赖氨酸生物合成。【结论】干旱胁迫显著抑制伸根期雪茄烟的生长,色氨酸代谢等氨基酸代谢途径在伸根期雪茄烟抵抗干旱胁迫中占主要地位。[Objective]Drought stress seriously affects the yield and quality of cigar.It is of great significance to explore the changes of physio-logical and metabolic substances of cigar growth under drought stress.[Method]In the present study,the effects of 4(T1-T4)different soil relative water content(SRWC)on agronomic characters and physiological and biochemical indexes of cigar during root-growing period were studied under potted greenhouse under the experimental material of cigar filler Chuxuel4(CX14).Two treatments were set up,control(C)and drought stress(D),and the changes of metabolites in cigar tobacco during root-growing period under drought stress were analyzed by UP-LC-MS/MS technique in order to provide reference for improving drought resistance.[Result]The plant height,stem circumference,leaf num-ber,leaf length and leaf width showed a downward trend with the gradient of soil relative water content from 85%to 40%,while the biomass of root,stem and leaf tissues and physiological indexes such as net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of leaves gradually decreased.SOD activity,MDA and PRO contents of leaves were significantly increased.Under drought stress,166 kinds of differen-tiated metabolites were up-regulated and 69 kinds were down-regulated,mainly amino acids and their derivatives and flavonoids.The key me-tabolites of drought resistance in cigar leaves during the root spreading stage were N-Acetyl-L-Tryptophan,L-arginine,L-histidine,naringin-7-O-rutinoside,and aromadendrin-7-O-glucoside.Among the 12 different metabolic pathways screened,5 amino acid metabolic pathways were dominant,which were tryptophan metabolism,D-amino acid metabolism,biosynthesis of amino acids,arginine biosynthesis,and lysine biosyn-thesis.[Conclusion]Drought stress significantly inhibited the growth of cigar during the extension period and tryptophan metabolism and other amino acid metabolism pathway played an important role in the resistance to drought stress.

关 键 词：雪茄烟 干旱胁迫 生理 代谢组 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]