高镍三元锂离子电池热失控实验及动力学参数分析  

Thermal Runaway Experiment and Kinetic Parameter Analysis of High Nickel Ternary Lithium-ion Battery

作　　者：徐远健 李英东 陈轲鼎 刘潇怡 郑鹏伦 郑云 刘志宏 XU Yuanjian;LI Yingdong;CHEN Keding;LIU Xiaoyi;ZHENG Penglun;ZHENG Yun;LIU Zhihong(State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting,School of Optoelectronic Materials&Technology,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,Hubei,China;Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学省部共建精细爆破国家重点实验室,光电材料与技术学院,光电化学材料与器件教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430056 [2]中国民用航空飞行学院民机火灾科学与安全工程四川省重点实验室,四川广汉618307

出　　处：《江汉大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期5-13,共9页Journal of Jianghan University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：江汉大学精细爆破国家重点实验室自主课题(PBSKL2022102);江汉大学一流学科建设重大研究专项(2023XKZ012);四川省民机火灾科学与安全工程重点实验室开放课题(MZ2023KF03)。

摘　　要：以高比能18650锂离子电池为研究对象,使用绝热加速量热仪对不同荷电状态(SOC)的锂电池进行热失控实验,计算热失控过程中的反应动力学参数,最后分析电池热失控的破坏性。结果表明:当SOC≥25%时,会发生热失控的风险,SOC越大热失控的触发时间越短。反应动力学计算结果表明,活化能和指前因子都随着SOC的增加而降低。随着SOC的升高,热失控释放能量、TNT当量值和破坏半径均增大。说明高SOC的电池热稳定差,更容易发生热失控。Taking the high specific energy 18650 lithium-ion battery as the research object,using adiabatic accelerated calorimetry to carry out thermal runaway experiments on lithium batteries with different SOC,calculating the reaction kinetic parameters during the thermal runaway process,and finally analyzing the destructive nature of the battery thermal runaway.The results showed a risk of thermal runaway when the SOC≥25%,and the larger the SOC,the shorter the trigger time of thermal runaway.The reaction kinetics calculations showed that the activation energy and preexponential factor decreased with increasing SOC.The thermal runaway release energy,TNT equivalent,and damage radius increased with increasing SOC.It indicates that batteries with high SOC are thermally unstable and more prone to thermal runaway.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 荷电状态 热失控 反应动力学 破坏半径 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]