高层楼房爆破拆除冲击气流对颗粒物传输的模拟分析  

Simulation Analysis of Impact Airflow on Particle Transport in High-rise Building Demolition by Blast

作　　者：严佳宁 姚芮 秦萌 唐振淞 秦亮 石零[1,2] YAN Jianing;YAO Rui;QIN Meng;TANG Zhensong;QIN Liang;SHI Ling(Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Fume&Dust Pollution Control,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,Hubei,China;School of Environment and Health,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,Hubei,China;China Railway 11th Bureau Group Fourth Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学工业烟尘污染控制湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430056 [2]江汉大学环境与健康学院,湖北武汉430056 [3]中铁十一局集团第四工程有限公司,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《江汉大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期24-34,共11页Journal of Jianghan University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：江汉大学校级创新项目(2021kjzx004);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划重点课题(N2023G011)。

摘　　要：楼房爆破形成的冲击气流会携带粉尘进入大气环境,从而影响大气环境质量。本文建立高层楼房爆破粉尘扩散箱模型,结合气固两相流模型,运用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,对不同环境风速、不同流态下定向爆破侧面的粉尘传输进行了模拟分析。结果表明:冲击气流涡的移动与流态相关,湍流态下的冲击气流涡的形成与移动快于层流态,并且冲击气流涡分解的展向涡对粉尘的运移起关键作用;在展向涡与底部基涡的共同影响下,背风面80%的爆破粉尘被卷入旋涡中,旋涡中心粉尘质量浓度低于旋涡边缘;爆破粉尘随涡流向下风向运动、影响范围近200 m。The impact airflow generated by the demolition of a building carries dust into the atmosphere,thus affecting its quality.In this study,a dispersion box model for the dust generated by high-rise building demolition was established,combining the gas-solid twophase flow model and using the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method to simulate and analyze the directional transfer of dust during controlled demolition on different environmental wind speeds and flow regimes.The results showed that the movement of shock wave vortices was related to the flow regime,with vortices forming and moving faster under turbulent flow conditions compared to laminar flow conditions.The propagation vortices played a crucial role in the transport of dust.Under the combined influence of the propagation vortices and the bottom base vortices,80%of the demolition dust on the lee side was entrained into the vortices,with lower dust mass concentrations at the center of the vortices compared to the edges.The demolition dust moved downwind with the vortex flow,impacting an area approximately 200 meters downwind.

关 键 词：爆破粉尘时空分布 开放性粉尘 DPM模型分析 局部空气质量分析 冲击气流 

分 类 号：TU746.5[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]