哈茨木霉M-17厚垣孢子可湿性粉剂的研制及其对马铃薯干腐病的田间防效  

Preparation of Wettable Powder Formulation of Trichoderma harzianum M-17 Chlamydospores and Its Field Control Effect on Potato Dry Rot

作　　者：王喜刚 郭成瑾 焦杨 赵沛 田静 张丽荣 沈瑞清 WANG Xigang;GUO Chengjin;JIAO Yang;ZHAO Pei;TIAN Jing;ZHANG Lirong;SHEN Ruiqing(Ningxia Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Pest Control/Institute of Plant Protection,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;College of Agriculture and Ecological Engineering,Hexi University,Zhangye 734000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所/宁夏植物病虫害防治重点实验室,银川750002 [2]河西学院农业与生态工程学院,张掖734000

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2024年第6期1319-1330,共12页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：宁夏农林科学院科技创新引导项目(NKYG-18-07);宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金项目(2023AAC05051);第五批“自治区青年科技人才托举工程”(NXKJ TJGC2020027);农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-10-01)。

摘　　要：为将生防真菌哈茨木霉M-17研制成防治马铃薯干腐病的微生物杀菌剂,延长产品的货架期,本研究以哈茨木霉M-17为研究对象,通过单因素筛选及配方优化,获得哈茨木霉M-17厚垣孢子可湿性粉剂,其组成为20%的厚垣孢子粉、68%的凹凸棒土为载体、4%的十二烷基硫酸钠为润湿剂、7%的羧甲基纤维素钠为分散剂、1%抗坏血酸为紫外保护剂。该可湿性粉剂的厚垣孢子含量为3.1×10^(8) CFU/g,润湿时间为56.5 s,孢子悬浮率为82.27%,pH为6.79,含水量为2.26%,98%能通过74μm标准筛,各项指标均符合国家标准。田间试验结果表明,哈茨木霉M-17厚垣孢子可湿性粉剂可以促进马铃薯植株生长,并对马铃薯干腐病表现出良好的防治效果,防效达70.32%,增产率为19.03%。本研究为将哈茨木霉M-17厚垣孢子可湿性粉剂开发成防治马铃薯土传病害的微生物杀菌剂奠定了技术基础。To development an efficient biocontrol antimicrobial agent of potato dry rot and prolong the shelf of the product,this study utilized Trichoderma harzianum M-17 as the primary research object.Single factor selection and formulation optimization were used to obtain the wettable powder(WP).The optimal formulation of WP was chlamydospore powder(20%),attapulgite(68%)as carrier,sodium dodecyl sulfonate(4%)as wetting agent,sodium carboxylcellulose(7%)as dispersion,and ascorbic acid(1%)as UV protective agent.The chlamydospore content of this WP was 3.1×10^(8)CFU/g,the wetting time was 56.5 s,the spore suspension rate was 82.27%,pH 6.79,the moisture content was 2.26%,the ratio transiting standard test sieve with 74μm was 98%.All indicators meet the national standards.The results of field experiments showed that T.harzianum M-17 chlamydospore wettable powder could promote the growth of potato plants and indicated a good control effect on potato dry rot,with a control efficacy of 70.32%and a yield increase rate of 19.03%.This study lays a technical foundation for the development of T.harzianum M-17 chlamydospore wettable powder into a microbial fungicide for the control of potato soil-borne diseases.

关 键 词：哈茨木霉 厚垣孢子 载体 可湿性粉剂 防效 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]