六垛南闸闸下河道泥沙特性研究  

Study on sediment characteristics in the downstream channel of Liuduonan Gate

作　　者：万青[1] 左佳佳 徐维杰 WAN Qing;ZUO Jiajia;XU Weijie(General Irrigation Canal Management Office of Jiangsu Province,Huai’an 223200,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省灌溉总渠管理处,江苏淮安223200

出　　处：《水利建设与管理》2025年第2期50-55,61,共7页Water Conservancy Construction and Management

摘　　要：六垛南闸闸下河道自1995年以来淤积较为严重,尤其近年来淤积速度进一步加剧,亟须治理。本文以历年河道断面观测资料为依据,对比清淤工程实施前后的淤积速度,总结分析六垛南闸闸下河道淤积特点;通过原型沙采样并结合现场试验分析,得出闸下河道泥沙组成、泥沙沉降、泥沙起动等特性指标;通过开展现场冲淤试验,对比分析不同方案的冲淤效果,最终得出合适的清淤方案。结果表明,挡潮闸闸下河道泥沙颗粒较细、淤积密实周期约30天,以水力冲淤为主、配合采用机械搅动方式可大幅提高冲淤效率,在日常运行中充分利用上游来水提高日常冲淤频率,可避免泥沙沉降板结,有效减缓河道淤积速度,有利于长期保持河道过流能力。该研究可为类似平原灌渠制定运行维护和清淤减淤技术方案提供参考。Since 1995,sedimentation in the downstream channel of the Liuduonan Gate has become increasingly severe,with the rate of accumulation accelerating in recent years,necessitating urgent remediation.Based on historical channel cross-section observation data,this study compares sedimentation rates before and after desilting projects and summarizes the sedimentation characteristics of the downstream channel.By collecting prototype sediment samples and conducting field tests,the study determines key sediment characteristics such as composition,settling behavior,and initiation thresholds.Field flushing and desilting experiments were carried out to compare the effectiveness of different desilting schemes,ultimately identifying an optimal desilting method.The results indicate that the sediment particles in the downstream channel of the tidal sluice are relatively fine,with a dense sedimentation cycle of approximately 30 days.A desilting strategy primarily based on hydraulic flushing,supplemented by mechanical agitation,significantly improves desilting efficiency.During routine operations,maximizing the use of upstream inflows to increase the frequency of desilting can prevent sediment compaction and effectively reduce the rate of sediment accumulation.This helps to maintain the flow capacity of the channel over the long term.This study provides a reference for the development of operational maintenance and desilting strategies for similar plain irrigation channels.

关 键 词：河道淤积 水力冲淤 泥沙沉降 泥沙起动 六垛南闸 

分 类 号：TV52[水利工程—水利水电工程]