余吾矿不同软/硬煤+围岩下压裂参数优化模拟  

Optimization simulation of fracturing parameters under different soft/hard coal+surrounding rocks in Yuwu Mine

作　　者：郝少伟 张径硕 陈瑞杰 竟亚飞 HAO Shaowei;ZHANG Jingshuo;CHEN Ruijie;JING Yafei(Shanxi Lu’an Jinyuan Coalbed Methane Development Co.,Ltd.,Changzhi 046000,China;School of Energy Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西潞安金源煤层气开发有限责任公司,山西长治046000 [2]河南理工大学能源科学与工程学院,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2025年第1期34-42,共9页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42072189);河南省高校科技创新团队资助项目(21IRTSTHN007)。

摘　　要：为了提高水力压裂效果,针对余吾矿3#煤层强度差异大,顶/底板岩性存在多种组合类型,水力压裂参数与其组合类型匹配性差的问题,借助水力压裂数值模拟软件,分别模拟了不同软/硬煤+围岩组合类型(软顶硬煤、硬顶软煤、硬顶硬煤),不同水力压裂参数(射孔方式、施工排量、总液量、加沙方式、砂比、支撑剂粒径)下的裂缝缝长、裂缝缝宽、导流能力等,并以此作为优化评价参数,优化水力压裂泵注参数。结果表明:硬顶软煤组合时,在顶板2~4 m范围内射孔压裂,施工排量为8~10 m^(3)/min,平均砂比在12%左右最佳;硬顶硬煤组合时,施工排量应大于12 m^(3)/min,采用“前置液-携砂液”的循环递进式加砂方式,可以提高造缝范围和撑缝长度;总液量大于1400 m^(3),第1次和第2次的平均砂比分别为8%和12%左右;软顶硬煤组合时,煤层顶/底部分煤层段避射,施工排量10 m^(3)/min左右为最佳;这3种情况下支撑剂以中砂为主。In order to improve the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing,a numerical simulation software for hydraulic fracturing was used to address the issues of large differences in strength and poor compatibility between hydraulic fracturing parameters and different combinations of roof/floor strata in 3^(#)coal seam of Yuwu Mine.The fracture extension length,fracture width,flow conductivity of various combinations of coal and surrounding rock types(soft roof and hard coal,hard roof and soft coal,hard roof and hard coal)under different hydraulic fracturing parameters(perforating mode,construction displacement,total fluid volume,sand injection way,sand ratio,proppant particle size)were simulated,and based on this,the corresponding hydraulic fracturing pump injection parameters are optimized.The results indicate that when the combination is hard roof and soft coal,perforation and fracturing within a 2-4 m range of the roof is most effective,the pumping rate should be 8-10 m^(3)/min,with an optimal average sand ratio of around 12%.For the combination of hard roof and hard coal,the pumping rate should be greater than 12 m^(3)/min.A cyclic progressive sand-carrying fluid technique(using“pre-liquid-carrying sand liquid”)should be employed to increase the fracturing range and length of propped fractures;the total liquid volume is greater than 1400 m^(3),and the average sand ratio of the first and second times is about 8% and 12%,respectively;for the combination of soft roof and hard coal,selective perforation and fracturing of certain coal layers in the roof and floor is recommended,with an optimal pumping rate of around 10 m^(3)/min.In all three cases,the proppant is predominantly medium sand.

关 键 词：煤层气开发 瓦斯抽采 水力压裂 软硬煤岩 导流能力 

分 类 号：TD712[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]