范各庄矿岩巷周边定向控制爆破技术研究  

Research on directional control blasting technology around the rock roadway of Fangezhuang Mine

作　　者：杨晓光 王恒恺 赵禄祥 YANG Xiaoguang;WANG Hengkai;ZHAO Luxiang(Fangezhuang Mining Company,Kailuan Energy and Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan 063109,China;School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]开滦能源化工股份有限公司范各庄矿业分公司,河北唐山063109 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与土木工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2025年第1期128-136,共9页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974315)。

摘　　要：为解决范各庄矿岩巷钻爆法掘进过程中超挖、周边成型效果较差的问题,通过室内试验测定了围岩的物理力学参数并标定了HJC本构模型参数,通过数值模拟对比了岩石在普通药包、切缝药包、90°、180°、270°护壁套管作用下的爆生裂纹扩展规律,通过工程试验对比了不同控制爆破技术在周边眼的应用效果。数值模拟结果表明:切缝药包在切缝方向可以较好地实现定向断裂爆破,非切缝方向的裂纹长度减小了56.71%;护壁套管的弧度对粉碎区和径向裂纹的分布有较大影响,90°、180°护壁套管的护壁侧裂纹长度分别减小了79.9%和75.1%,270°护壁套管的护壁侧裂纹平均长度减小了58.57%;爆炸荷载对临空侧的岩石产生了更多损伤。工程试验结果表明:切缝药包和护壁套管均能在一定程度上起到定向控制爆破的作用;与普通药包相比,使用切缝药包的平均超挖量减少158.33 mm,3种弧度护壁套管对应的平均超挖量分别减少63.00、125.67、224.67 mm;半眼痕率随着护壁套管弧度的增大而提高,通过调整护壁套管的弧度可以改善周边眼的成型效果。In order to solve the problem of over excavation and poor surrounding shaping effect during the drilling and blasting of the rock roadway in Fangezhuang Mine,through indoor experiments,the physical and mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock were determined,and the HJC constitutive model parameters were calibrated.Through numerical simulation,the crack propagation laws of the rock under the action of ordinary explosives,slotted cartridge,90°,180°,and 270°protective wall casings were compared.The application effects of different control blasting techniques on peripheral eyes were compared through engineering experiments.The numerical simulation results show that the slotted cartridge can achieve directional fracture blasting well in the cutting seam direction,and the crack length in the non cutting seam direction is reduced by 56.71%.The curvature of the protective casing has a significant impact on the distribution of crushing zone and radial cracks.The crack length on the protective wall side of the 90°and 180°protective sleeves is decreased by 79.9% and 75.1%.The average length of cracks on the protective wall side of the 270°protective sleeve is decreased by 58.57%.The explosion load caused more damage to the rocks on the side of goaf.The engineering test results show that both the slotted cartridge and the protective wall casing can play a role in directional control blasting to a certain extent.Compared with ordinary explosives,the use of slotted cartridge reduces the amount of average over excavation by 158.33 mm.The average over excavation amount corresponding to the three types of curved wall protection sleeves is reduced by 63 mm,125.67 mm,and 224.67 mm.The half eye mark rate increases with the curvature of the protective wall sleeve,and adjusting the curvature of the protective wall sleeve can improve the forming effect of the peripheral eyes.

关 键 词：切缝药包 护壁爆破 数值模拟 裂纹扩展 定向控制爆破 

分 类 号：TD235.373[矿业工程—矿井建设]