我国生物质基化工产品的关键技术现状与展望  

Status and prospect of key technologies for biomass-based chemical products in China

作　　者：梁茵 张震宇[1,2] 范昊安 李愽龙 傅杰 Yin Liang;Zhenyu Zhang;Haoan Fan;Bolong Li;Jie Fu(Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education,College of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Green Biomanufacturing of Functional Sugar Alcohols,Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou,Quzhou 324000,China)

机构地区：[1]生物质化工教育部重点实验室,浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院,杭州310058 [2]全省功能性糖醇绿色生物制造重点实验室,浙江大学衢州研究院,衢州324000

出　　处：《中国科学:化学》2025年第1期136-167,共32页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:22425801,U23A20124)资助项目。

摘　　要：在能源结构转型和碳减排的双重压力下,我国亟需发展生物质资源的利用技术,以实现对化石基产品的补充.其中,化学法凭借其反应条件易于控制和生产效率高等优点,在生物质的大规模转化中展现出广泛的工业应用前景与价值.本文聚焦生物质化工中的关键产业,包括木质纤维素、油脂以及甲壳素化工,梳理化学法制备生物基化工产品的关键技术,探讨其产业发展现状与趋势,提出一系列产业需要解决的化工问题,并展望了生物质化工的未来发展前景,强调在催化剂设计、新工艺研发、工艺集成策略以及传质机理深入理解等方面的重大潜力,为推动生物质化工的高效发展及产业升级提供理论参考与技术支持.Under the dual pressure of energy structural transformation and carbon emission reduction,China urgently needs to develop utilization technologies for biomass resources.The biomass industry is currently undergoing vigorous development,with bio-based chemicals expected to supplement fossil-based products.Chemical methods,characterized by their controllable reaction conditions and high production efficiency,present broader industrial application prospects and value for large-scale production.This review therefore concentrates on pivotal areas within the biomass chemical engineering,including lignocellulosic chemistry,lipid chemistry,and chitin chemistry,reviewing the critical technologies for the chemical production of bio-based chemicals.It delves into the current status and trends of the industrial development of bio-based chemicals,proposes a series of chemical issues that the industry needs to address,and further anticipates the future development prospects of biomass chemical engineering.Emphasis is placed on the significant potential and opportunities in catalyst design,new process development,process integration strategies,and in-depth understanding of mass transfer mechanisms,aiming to provide theoretical insights and technical support to foster the efficient development and advancement of the biomass chemical sector.

关 键 词：生物质化工 木质纤维素 油脂 甲壳素 化学法 生物基化学品 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]