青藏高原东缘城市蚂蚁群落体色对区域气候的生态响应  

Effects of regional climate on cuticle lightness of urban ant communities from the eastern margin of the Qinghai⁃Tibet Plateau

作　　者：苏秋海 罗昕裕 尹如意 黄相钦 罗怡 周昭敏 SU Qiuhai;LUO Xinyu;YIN Ruyi;HUANG Xiangqin;LUO Yi;ZHOU Zhaomin(College of Life Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Biodiversity Conservation of Sichuan Province,Nanchong 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,南充637009 [2]四川省环境科学与生物多样性保护重点实验室,南充637009

出　　处：《生态学报》2025年第3期1464-1471,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31600412);西华师范大学青年教师科研资助项目(19D044)。

摘　　要：较暗的角质层明度有助于昆虫吸收热量和减少高UV-B的伤害,因此自然生境中昆虫群落体色往往呈现出地理变异。然而,人们对城市昆虫群落体色的变异模式和影响因素仍然知之甚少。在青藏高原东缘8个城镇的64个样地(海拔510-3380 m),开展地栖蚂蚁群落调查,采集到55890只工蚁(31属81种)。运用线性混合效应模型,评估了区域温度和紫外线水平对城市蚂蚁群落角质层明度的潜在影响。结果表明,蚂蚁群落角质层明度在城镇间具有显著差异(相比甘孜县蚂蚁群落,元谋县蚂蚁群落的群落加权平均值高出约39%,群落算数平均值高出约32%);区域温度对蚂蚁群落角质层明度影响显著,温度越高,群落角质层明度值越大,但区域UV-B对其没有显著影响。因此,区域温度能够有效解释该地区的城市蚂蚁群落角质层明度变异,而蚂蚁群落体色明度对区域UV-B条件的响应可能还受到其他环境因素的调节。In ectotherms,the color of an individual′s cuticle may have important thermoregulatory and protective consequences.For instance,the thermal melanism hypothesis predicts that cooler environments,often at higher altitudes and latitudes,favor darker individuals with more melanin,while the photo⁃protection hypothesis suggests that higher levels of melanin are able to protect against harmful ultraviolet radiation.These potential mechanisms have been widely supported by numerous studies on insect coloration and used to explain the geographical variation in body color among insect communities in natural habitats.Due to human activities,the microclimatic conditions in urban habitats often differ significantly from those in adjacent natural habitats.However,the predictability of body color variation in urban insect communities and the potential drivers remain unknown.We examined the ecological response of cuticle lightness in urban ants(Hymenoptera:Formicidae)to regional variations of temperature and UV⁃B condition.Using pitfall traps,we sampled 55,890 ground⁃foraging worker ants(81 species from 31 genera)from 64 urban and suburban sites across eight counties over a broad elevational range of 510-3380 m(a.s.l.)along the eastern margin of the Qinghai⁃Tibetan Plateau.Cuticle lightness of worker ants for each species was extracted from microscope photographs,which were further used to evaluate the community brightness in the ways of community⁃weighted mean and community mean.We used one⁃way ANOVA to assess whether the significant differences in ant community brightness existed among counties,and performed linear mixed⁃effects models to test the potential effects of regional temperature and UV⁃B on cuticle lightness of urban ant communities.We found that cuticle lightness of urban ant communities significantly differed across counties(e.g.,the average values of community⁃weighted mean and community mean were approximately 39% and 32% higher in Yuanmou than those in Ganzi,respectively).Cuticle lightness of

关 键 词：城市 群落 角质层明度 热黑化假说 光保护假说 

分 类 号：G62[文化科学—教育学]