锂电池生产废水处理及回用工程实践  

Engineering practice of wastewater treatment and reuse in lithium battery manufacturing

作　　者：陈健华 CHEN Jianhua(Guangdong Guanlv Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Dongguan 523000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东莞绿环保科技有限公司,广东东莞523000

出　　处：《工业水处理》2025年第2期184-192,共9页Industrial Water Treatment

摘　　要：针对锂电池在生产制造过程中产生的阳极废水和阴极废水特性,设计采用分类收集、分类预处理后再集中进行生化处理的思路对废水进行处理。以广东某新能源公司锂电池生产废水为例,简述了其废水特性及阳极废水和阴极废水处理工艺的选择原则,在此基础上提出了具体的废水处理工艺。阳极废水采用混凝沉淀+厌氧+AOA+MBR工艺处理,处理后出水达到《电池工业污染物排放标准》(GB 30484—2013)表2新建企业水污染物及广东省地方标准《污水综合排放标准》(DB 4426—2001)表4第二类污染物排放标准后排放。阴极废水采用Fen-ton氧化+混凝沉淀+UASB+二级AO+MBR工艺处理,其出水再经二级RO/MVR处理后,回用水及冷凝水达到《采暖空调系统水质》(GB/T 29044—2012)表1中的补充水标准及《城市污水再生利用工业用水水质》(GB/T 19923—2005)表1标准后回用,浓水经MVR系统蒸发结晶。工程实践表明,系统运行稳定,处理后阳极废水满足排放标准;阴极废水满足回用水标准,成功实现零排放。In response to the characteristics of anode wastewater and cathode wastewater generated during the manu-facturing process of lithium batteries,the design adopted the idea of classified collection,classified pretreatment,and then centralized biochemical treatment to treat the wastewater.Taking the lithium battery production wastewater of a new energy company in Guangdong as an example,this article briefly described the characteristics of the wastewater and the selection principles of anode wastewater and cathode wastewater treatment processes.Specific wastewater treat-ment processes were proposed on this basis.The anode wastewater was treated using a coagulation sedimentation+an-aerobic+AOA+MBR process,and the treated effluent met the water pollutant discharge standards for newly established enterprises in Table 2 of Emission Standard of Pollutants for Battery Industry(GB 30484-2013)and the allowable dis-charge concentration limit for ClassⅡpollutants in Table 4 of the local standards of Guangdong Province of Discharge Limits of Water Pollutants(DB 4426-2001)before being discharged.The cathode wastewater was treated using the Fen-ton oxidation+coagulation sedimentation+UASB+secondary AO+MBR process.After the effluent was further treated by secondary RO/MVR,the recycled water and condensate reached the supplementary water standards in Table 1 of Wa-ter Quality for Heating and Air Conditioning Systems(GB/T 29044-2012)and the standards in Table 1 of The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water-Water Quality Standard for Industrial Uses(GB/T 19923-2005)before being reused.The con-centrated water was evaporated and crystallized through the MVR system.Engineering practice had shown that the sys-tem operated stably,and the treated anode wastewater met the discharge standards,while the cathode wastewater met the reuse water standards,successfully achieving zero discharge.

关 键 词：锂电池生产废水 阴阳极废水 分类处理 中水回用 零排放 

分 类 号：X78[环境科学与工程—环境工程]