压力辅助烧结钙钛矿型压电陶瓷  

Pressure-Assisted Sintering of Perovskite Piezoelectric Ceramics

作　　者：朱东泽 刘亦轩 黄浩峰 钟子晴 蔡贤先 逯景桐 徐泽 蒋昱奇 王轲 ZHU Dongze;LIU Yixuan;HUANG Haofeng;ZHONG Ziqing;CAI Xianxian;LU Jingtong;XU Ze;JIANG Yuqi;WANG Ke(State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Bejing 100084,China;Research Center for Advanced Functional Ceramics,Wuzhen Laboratory,Jiaxing 314500,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学材料学院新型陶瓷与精细工艺国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]乌镇实验室先进功能陶瓷材料研究中心,浙江嘉兴314500

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2025年第2期451-470,共20页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52032005,52302148)。

摘　　要：压电陶瓷通过压电效应实现机械能和电能的相互转换,是一类重要的功能陶瓷。目前部分压电陶瓷仍存在难烧结、元素挥发等问题,而压力辅助烧结技术可以通过外加压力促进烧结过程,从而有效调控压电陶瓷的电学性能。本文聚焦于钙钛矿型压电陶瓷制备中应用较多的3种压力辅助烧结技术(即热压烧结、热等静压烧结和放电等离子烧结),对提升压电陶瓷致密度、调控晶粒尺寸、缺陷调控、织构化以及制备复杂微结构等研究议题进行了综述,并对压力辅助烧结钙钛矿型压电陶瓷的未来研究方向做出了展望。Piezoelectric ceramics,which enable the mutual conversion of mechanical and electrical energy via the piezoelectric effect,are indispensable for various industries,including robotics,communications,biomedicine engineering,etc.Currently,some piezoelectric ceramics face challenges such as difficulty in sintering and element volatilization.Pressure-assisted sintering(PAS)technology can promote the sintering process with the application of external pressure,thereby effectively engineering the electrical properties of piezoelectric ceramics.In this review,three commonly used pressure-assisted sintering techniques in the preparation of perovskite piezoelectric ceramics are highlighted,i.e.,hot pressing sintering,hot isostatic pressing sintering,and spark plasma sintering.Hot pressing sintering,which applies a single-axis pressure during the sintering phase,is particularly adept at grain alignment and the fabrication of textured ceramics with directional property enhancement.Hot isostatic pressing sintering applies pressure uniformly in all directions,ensuring homogenous densification and the precise maintenance of complex structure dimensions.This method is invaluable for the creation of precision components where dimensional integrity is non-negotiable.HIP further enables the sintering of ceramics at reduced temperatures and shortened durations,thereby curtailing energy expenditure and averting excessive grain coarsening.Spark plasma sintering is characterized by its expedited heating rates and abbreviated sintering cycles,facilitated by the passage of pulsed direct current through the powder compact.This approach not only catalyzes swift densification but also promotes the development of fine-grained microstructures by curbing grain expansion.SPS is especially beneficial for crafting ceramics with exceptional strength and electrical properties.The advantages for enhancement of ceramic density,grain size,and defect engineering,texturing,as well as preparation of complex microstructures are demonstrated compared with c

关 键 词：压力辅助烧结 压电陶瓷 热压烧结 晶粒尺寸 缺陷调控 

分 类 号：TQ174.1[化学工程—陶瓷工业]