Sub-millikelvin-resolved superconducting nanowire single-photon detector operates with sub-pW infrared radiation power  

作　　者：Qi Chen Fei Zhou Chen Wei Yue Dai Haiyong Gan Labao Zhang Hao Wang Hang Yuan Haochen Li Jingrou Tan Guojin Feng Xuecou Tu Xiaoqing Jia Qingyuan Zhao Lin Kang Jian Chen Peiheng Wu 

机构地区：[1]Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics,School of Electronic Science and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China [2]Institute of Optics and Laser Metrology Science,National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China [3]Hefei National Laboratory,Hefei 230088,China

出　　处：《National Science Review》2025年第1期19-28,共10页国家科学评论(英文版)

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12033002,62071218,62101240 and 62071214);the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230777);the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(2021ZD0303401);the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD),the Key Lab of Optoelectronic Devices and System with Extreme Performance,the Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Manipulating Technique of Electromagnetic Waves and the Micro-Fabrication and Integration Technology Center of Nanjing University.

摘　　要：The noise equivalent temperature difference(NETD)indicates the minimum temperature difference resolvable by using an infrared detector.The lower the NETD,the better the sensor can register small temperature differences.In this work,we proposed a strategy to achieve a high temperature resolution using a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector(SNSPD)with ultra-high sensitivity.We deduced the model for calculating the NETD of a photon-counting-type detector and applied it to our SNSPD-based set-up.Experimentally,we obtained an NETD as low as 0.65 mK,which is limited by the background radiation of the environment,and the required infrared radiation power is calculated to be<1 pW.Furthermore,the intrinsic NETD of this SNSPD is estimated to be<0.1 mK.This work demonstrated a sub-mK temperature resolution when using the SNSPD,paving the way for future remote infrared thermal imaging with high temperature resolution.

关 键 词：NETD infrared detector SNSPD photon-counting thermal imaging 

分 类 号：TN2[电子电信—物理电子学]