脊柱外科术后急性疼痛管理的研究进展  

Research progress in acute pain management after spinal surgery

作　　者：王正义 赵帝 WANG Zhengyi;ZHAO Di(Department of Anesthesiology,The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Yiwu 322000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属第四医院麻醉科,浙江义乌322000

出　　处：《麻醉安全与质控》2025年第1期71-76,共6页Perioperative Safety and Quality Assurance

摘　　要：大多数脊柱外科手术患者会经历中度至重度的急性术后疼痛,增加术后并发症风险,延长住院时间,严重影响患者术后康复。安全且有效的术后镇痛是脊柱手术患者术后早期活动和快速康复的前提条件。传统依赖阿片类药物的镇痛方式虽然有效,但是常伴随诸多不良反应。目前围术期多模式镇痛已经成为业内共识,临床上积极探索多种非阿片类静脉药物和镇痛技术在脊柱外科术后镇痛的应用价值。本文介绍脊柱外科术后急性疼痛的发生机制,总结非阿片类静脉药物、神经阻滞以及局部浸润麻醉在其术后疼痛控制上的研究进展,以期为临床工作提供参考。Most patients undergoing spinal surgeries experience moderate to severe acute postoperative pain,which increases the risk of complications,prolongs hospital stays,and significantly impacts postoperative recovery.Safe and effective postoperative analgesia is essential for early mobilization and rapid recovery of patients undergoing spinal surgeries.While traditional opioid⁃based analgesia is effective,it is often accompanied by numerous side effects.Perioperative multimodal analgesia has become a common understanding,and a variety of non⁃opioid drugs and analgesic techniques have been actively explored in the clinical application of analgesia after spinal surgery.This article introduces the mechanisms of acute pain after spinal surgery and summarizes research advancements in non⁃opioid analgesics,nerve blocks,and local infiltration anesthesia for pain control,aiming to provide a reference for clinical practice.

关 键 词：脊柱外科 术后疼痛 多模式镇痛 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]