矿区开采沉陷盆地动态三维建模研究  

Dynamic Three-dimensional Modeling of Mining Subsidence Basin

作　　者：魏彦恒 WEI Yanheng(Sunjiacha Longhua Mining Co.,Ltd.,Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group,Yulin 719300,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西煤业化工集团孙家岔龙华矿业有限公司,陕西榆林719300

出　　处：《能源与节能》2025年第2期75-79,共5页Energy and Energy Conservation

摘　　要：随着中国煤炭行业的发展,超大采高综采技术与装备持续创新发展,但高强度特厚煤层“大空间-强采动”的开采特点给矿区地表移动监测和灾害防控带来了新的挑战。随着测绘地理信息技术的发展,GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System,全球导航卫星系统)实时位移监测、无人机航测和合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量等监测技术已在矿区地表沉降监测中得到应用,使获得高精度、高频率、全区域和多类别的监测数据成为现实,使得建立矿区开采沉陷盆地动态三维模型成为可能。在矿区开采沉陷规律、典型空间插值方法原理和适用性分析的基础上,结合传统岩移观测、 GNSS自动监测和无人机航测等技术的特点,结合矿区地质情况、地形地貌和水文资料,提出了适用于矿区开采沉陷盆地动态三维建模的空间插值解决方案,并采用研究成果进行龙华煤矿20202工作面的开采沉陷盆地动态三维建模并进行精度评估,结果表明地表观测线动态建模的平面精度优于0.1 m、高程精度优于0.05 m;开采沉陷区动态三维建模的平面精度优于1 m、高程精度优于0.5 m。With the development of coal industry in China,fully mechanized mining technology and equipment for ultra-high mining height continue to innovate and develop.The mining characteristics of "large space-strong mining" of the high-strength and ultra-thick coal seams have brought new challenges to surface movement monitoring and disaster prevention and control in mining areas.With the development of surveying and mapping geographic information technology,monitoring technologies such as GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System) real-time displacement monitoring,UAV aerial survey and DInSAR have been applied in surface subsidence monitoring in mining areas,and high-precision,high-frequency,full-region and multi-category monitoring data can be obtained.On the basis of analysis of mining subsidence law,principle and applicability of typical spatial interpolation method,combined with characteristics of traditional rock displacement observation,GNSS automatic monitoring and UAV aerial photography,combined with geological conditions,landform and hydrological data of mining area,a spatial interpolation solution suitable for establishing dynamic 3D modeling of mining subsidence basin was proposed.Based on the research results,the 3D dynamic modeling of the mining subsidence basin of 20202 working face of Longhua Coal Mine was carried out and the accuracy was evaluated.The results showed that the plane accuracy and elevation accuracy of the dynamic modeling of the observation line were better than 0.1 m and 0.05 m respectively;the plane accuracy and elevation accuracy of dynamic 3D modeling in the mining subsidence area were better than 1 m and 0.5 m respectively.

关 键 词：榆神府矿区 空间插值 开采沉陷盆地 动态三维模型 克里金法 

分 类 号：TD327[矿业工程—矿井建设]