人类牙釉质同位素研究的进展与展望  

Progress and perspectives of the isotope research of human tooth enamel

作　　者：雷帅 LEI Shuai(School of Art and Archaeology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310028;Human Phenome Institute,Fudan University,Shanghai 201203;Institute of Archaeological Science,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学艺术与考古学院,杭州310028 [2]复旦大学人类表型组研究院,上海201203 [3]复旦大学科技考古研究院,上海200433

出　　处：《人类学学报》2025年第1期165-180,共16页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(19ZDA227);郑州地区仰韶文化中晚期遗址出土人、动植物遗存稳定同位素研究浙江大学博士研究生学术新星培养计划项目(2022006)。

摘　　要：本文详细论述了人类牙釉质同位素研究涉及的重要理论方法问题。首先,梳理了人类牙釉质的生长发育机制、主要化学组成及抵抗成岩作用的优越性。其次,回顾和评述了牙釉质多同位素方法对于人类生活史、居住史及健康史三大科学主题的研究现状。最后,强调了在新时代中国特色考古学理论体系建设的大背景下,快速发展牙釉质多同位素研究的迫切性,并结合国际生物考古学界已有的研究经验和不足,对中国今后如何开展此项研究进行了展望。This paper meticulously addresses the significant theoretical and methodological aspects involved in isotopic investigations of human tooth enamel.Firstly,it systematically organizes the growth and development mechanism,principal chemical composition,and the efficacy of human tooth enamel in withstanding diagenesis.Emphasis is placed on the inherent advantages that have rendered it the primary target for hydroxyapatite isotope analyses and studies within the current bioarchaeological realm.Secondly,a vast array of research topics centered around the multiisotope analysis of elements such as oxygen(δ^(18)O),carbon(δ^(13)C),strontium(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr),zinc(δ^(66)Zn),magnesium(δ^(26)Mg),calcium(δ^(44/42)Ca),and lead(Pb)in human enamel are distilled and consolidated into three scientific themes:human life history,habitation,and health.Additionally,the current status of each of these research areas is comprehensively reviewed.Finally,within the framework of constructing the theoretical system of archaeology with Chinese characteristics in the new era,the exigency of the swift advancement of multi-isotope research on tooth enamel is underscored.of the existing research experiences and deficiencies in the international bioarchaeology community, future research in China is anticipated to progress from the vantage points of innovating experimental sampling strategies and research methodologies, accurately discerning the merits and demerits of diverse mass spectrometry techniques, broadening the depth and scope of research topics, and delving deeply into the cooperative interactions between isotopes and different human body tissues.

关 键 词：牙釉质 同位素 生长发育 化学组成 成岩作用 

分 类 号：Q983.8[生物学—人类学]