汽车尾气废催化剂中铂族金属回收工艺的研究进展  

Research Progress in Recovery Process of Platinum Group Metals from Spent Catalysts

作　　者：王增利 刘利 崔文权 WANG Zengli;LIU Li;CUI Wenquan(College of Chemical Engineering,North China University of Technology,Tangshan Hebei 063210,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学化学工程学院,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《辽宁化工》2025年第1期111-114,共4页Liaoning Chemical Industry

摘　　要：铂族金属是重要的不可再生的稀有金属,以铂族金属为活性组分的催化剂在化工生产中占有重要的地位,从废弃的催化剂中提取这些昂贵的组分变得尤为重要。综述了废弃催化剂载体与活性组分的富集方法,以及富集后如何进一步提炼铂族金属。富集方法主要有湿法工艺、火法工艺与焙烧-浸出,湿法工艺包括载体溶解法、溶剂溶解活性组分法、全溶法;火法工艺包括各种贵金属的捕集。提炼的方法主要有沉淀法、萃取法、电解法和离子交换树脂法等。讨论了不同方法的优点及存在的弊端,展望了未来贵金属回收技术的发展方向。Platinum group metals are important non-renewable rare metals,and catalysts with platinum group metals as active components occupy an important position in chemical production,and it has become particularly important to extract these expensive components from waste catalysts.In this paper,the enrichment methods of waste catalyst carriers with active fractions were reviewed as well as how to further refine platinum group metals after enrichment.Enrichment methods mainly include pyroprocess,wet process and roasting-leaching,wet process includes carrier dissolution,solvent dissolution of active components,total solution method.The pyroprocess includes the capture of various precious metals,and the main methods of refining are precipitation,extraction,electrolysis and ion exchange resin.The disadvantages and advantages of different methods were discussed,as well as the direction of development for the future recovery of precious metals.

关 键 词：铂族金属 废催化剂 湿法工艺 火法工艺 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]