广谱流感疫苗研究现状与展望  

Research status and prospect of universal influenza vaccine

作　　者：蔡晓宇 岳欣煜 陈耀庆 舒跃龙 Cai Xiaoyu;Yue Xinyu;Chen Yaoqing;Shu Yuelong(School of Public Health(Shenzhen),Sun Yat-sen University,Shenzhen 518107,China;Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control(Ministry of Education),State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity,National Institute of Pathogen Biology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 102629,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院(深圳),深圳518107 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院病原生物学研究所,病原体感染防控教育部重点实验室,呼吸和共病全国重点实验室,北京102629

出　　处：《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》2025年第1期2-9,共8页Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

基　　金：中国医学科学院创新工程项目(2022-I2M-1-021);深圳市科技创新委员基础研究重点专项(JCYJ20200109142438111)。

摘　　要：流行性感冒(流感)在全世界范围内发病率显著,影响所有年龄段人群,对儿童和老年人群影响最大。流感疫苗是降低流感疾病负担最经济有效的手段之一,但由于病毒具有抗原性漂移以及抗原性转变的特性,当前的季节性流感疫苗保护率不够理想,对潜在的流感大流行提供的保护有限。因此,研发对流感病毒不同亚型均具有交叉免疫保护作用的广谱流感疫苗具有重要意义。本文探讨了流感疫苗广谱性的几个关键性因素及当前的研究进展,并展望了广谱流感疫苗未来发展趋势。Influenza has high morbidity worldwide,affecting people of all ages,with the greatest impact on children and the elderly.Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective means to reduce the burden of influenza.However,due to the antigenic drift and shift of influenza viruses,the protection rate of the current seasonal influenza vaccines is not ideal,and the protection they provide against potential influenza pandemics is very limited.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop a universal influenza vaccine that has cross-immune protection against different subtypes of influenza virus.This article discusses several key factors of universal influenza vaccines and the current research progress,and prospects the future development trend of universal influenza vaccines.

关 键 词：流感病毒 广谱疫苗 血凝素 神经氨酸酶 黏膜疫苗 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]