疏水改性纳米细菌纤维素增强聚乳酸耐热和阻隔性能  

Hydrophobic Modified Nanobacterial Cellulose Enhanced the Heat Resistance and Barrier Proper⁃ties of Polylactic Acid

作　　者：鲁传虎 李子豪 魏健 钟宇光 王慧庆 钟春燕 LU Chuan-hu;LI Zi-hao;WEI Jian;ZHONG Yu-guang;WANG Hui-qing;ZHONG Chun-yan(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;Hainanyeguo food company,Haikou 570311,China;Anhui Green Energy Technology Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Hefei 231299,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学化学与化工学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]海南椰国食品有限公司,海南海口570311 [3]安徽绿能技术研究院有限公司,安徽合肥231299

出　　处：《安徽化工》2025年第1期30-34,共5页Anhui Chemical Industry

基　　金：海南省重点研发专项,“面向生物基新材料的改性纳米纤维素关键技术研发与应用示范”(ZDYF2023GXJS019);安徽省制造业重点领域产学研用补短板产品和关键共性技术攻关揭榜项目(JB21053)。

摘　　要：生物基材料聚乳酸因耐热性差、阻隔性差,限制了其替代传统材料,探索了以高结晶度高阻隔性的生物发酵纳米细菌纤维素作为改性剂,研究其对聚乳酸(PLA)性能的影响。首先采用长链硅烷(HDTMS)对亲水性纳米细菌纤维素(BC)进行改性获得疏水性MBC,然后在双螺杆挤出机密炼造粒,获得PLA-MBC复合材料。疏水改性使BC接触角达到115°,DSC显示添加1%的MBC即可使PLA结晶度从21.8%升高到56.57%,偏光显微镜观察到疏水改性使MBC可在PLA基体均匀分散,增加了PLA的成核位点,使球晶尺寸减小且晶粒分散均匀,加速了PLA结晶;复合材料维卡软化点从64.6℃提升到162.8℃,氧气透过率和水蒸气透过率分别从143.77 cm^(3)/(cm^(2)·24 h·0.1 MPa)和27.19 g/(m^(2)·24 h)降低至10.21 cm^(3)/(cm^(2)·24 h·0.1 MPa)和1074 g/(m^(2)·24 h)。说明MBC是PLA有效多功能纳米添加剂,同时充当了成核剂、阻隔剂和增强剂的作用。该高耐热、阻隔、高强的PLA改性复合材料的开发,将促进PLA在包装、容器等领域的应用。Due to the poor heat resistance and barrier properties,polylactic acid(PLA),a bio-based material,is limited to replace traditional materials.A bio-fermented nanobacterial cellulose with high crystallinity and barrier properties was used as a modifier to study its effect on the performance of PLA.Firstly,hydrophobic MBC was obtained by the modifica⁃tion of hydrophilic nanobacterial cellulose with long chain silane HDTMS.Then the PLA-MBC composite material was ob⁃tained by extruding and granulating with twin screw.The hydrophobic modification made the contact Angle of BC reach 115°.DSC showed that 1%MBC can increase the crystallinity of PLA from 21.8%to 56.57%.Polarizing microscope ob⁃served that the hydrophobic modification made MBC disperse uniformly in PLA matrix,increase the nucleation site of PLA,decrease spherulite size,uniform grain dispersion and accelerate the crystallization of PLA.The VST was increased from 64.6℃to 162.8℃.Oxygen and water vapor transmittance decreased from 143.77 cm^(3)/(cm^(2)·24 h·0.1 MPa)and 27.19 g/(m^(2)·24 h)to 10.21 cm^(3)/(cm^(2)·24 h·0.1 MPa)and 10.74 g/(m^(2)·24 h),respectively.These results indicate that MBC is an effective multifunctional nano-additive for PLA,acting as nucleating agent,blocking agent and enhancing agent at the same time.The development of the high heat resistance,barrier and high strength PLA modified composite material will promote the application of PLA in packaging,containers and other fields.

关 键 词：聚乳酸 细菌纤维素 结晶 耐热 阻隔 

分 类 号：TQ427[化学工程]