软破矿岩崩落法采场大高跨切割槽形成技术研究与应用  

Research and Application on Forming Technology of High and Large-span Cutting Grooves in Sublevel Caving Stope under Broken Rock Mass and Orebody

作　　者：秦国玉 龚臻 谭宝会[2] 张刚刚 粟登峰 陈帮洪 王惠芬 张志贵[2] QIN Guoyu;GONG Zhen;TAN Baohui;ZHANG Ganggang;SU Dengfeng;CHEN Banghong;WANG Huifen;ZHANG Zhigui(Longshou Mine,Jinchuan Group Ni-Co Co.,Ltd.,Jinchang 737100,China;School of Environment and Resource,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]金川集团镍钴股份有限公司龙首矿,甘肃金昌737100 [2]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《金属矿山》2025年第1期37-47,共11页Metal Mine

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金(青年科学基金)项目(编号:2022NSFSC1089);镍钴资源综合利用国家重点实验室开放基金项目(编号:GZSYSKY-2021-022);西南科技大学博士基金项目(编号:21zx7157)。

摘　　要：在采场中形成质量合格的切割槽是保障无底柱分段崩落法矿石回采效果的重要基础。以龙首矿西二采区需要在软破矿岩条件下形成切割槽为工程背景,提出了一种在切割平巷中先借助楔形炮排掏槽再利用直立平行炮排扩槽的无井成槽方案,并在现场进行了前期应用。应用结果表明:楔形掏槽爆破质量对于整个切割槽形成效果起决定性作用,当楔形掏槽跨度一定时,楔形掏槽高度越大,所受的爆破夹制作用越明显;在西二采区矿岩条件下,当楔形掏槽跨度为15 m时,有效掏槽高度为15~18 m,无法满足崩落法采场最末分段需要形成高度27.3 m、跨度75 m切割槽要求。为此,针对该成槽方案展开进一步研究,提出了加大楔形掏槽跨度、分次完成楔形掏槽以及加大排间微差爆破间隔等关键性改进技术。并采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对改进后的成槽方案进行了数值模拟研究,验证了改进方案的有效性和可行性。最后在矿山开展了工程实践,顺利在崩落法采场形成了达到设计要求的切割立槽。The formation of qualified cutting groove in stope is an important basis to ensure the mining effect of sublevel caving.This article is based on the engineering background of the sublevel caving method in the West Second Mining Area of Longshou Mine,which requires the formation of a cutting groove under soft rock conditions.A scheme of without well grooving is put forward,in which the wedge cut is first cut and then expanded in the cutting roadway,and the early application is carried out in the field.The application results show that the quality of the wedge cut in this scheme determines the key of the whole grooving effect.When the wedge cut span is fixed,the larger the wedge cut height is,the more obvious the blasting clip will be used to make.Under the condition of ore and rock in the West Second Mining Area,when the wedge cut span is 15 m,the effective cut height is 15~18 m,which cannot meet the requirement of forming a cutting groove with a height of 27.3 m and a span of 75 m in the last sublevel of the caving stope.Therefore,the key improvement technologies such as increasing the wedge cut span,completing the wedge cut in stages and increasing the differential blasting interval between rows were proposed for further research on the broaching scheme.The numerical simulation of the improved broaching scheme was carried out by ANSYS/LS-DYNA software to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the improved scheme.Finally,the engineering practice is carried out in the mine,and the cutting groove which meets the design requirements is formed in the last section of the caving stope successfully,which lays a good foundation for the ore recovery in the last sublevel.

关 键 词：软破矿岩 无底柱分段崩落法 大高跨切割槽 无井成槽 楔形掏槽 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]