充填法开采过程中爆破震动波传递规律与围岩破坏模式研究  

Study on Transmission Law of Blasting Vibration Wave and Failure Mode of Surrounding Rock in Filling Mining Process

作　　者：郭志东 祝贺超 潘博 柴青平 刘惠洋 GUO Zhidong;ZHU Hechao;PAN Bo;CHAI Qingping;LIU Huiyang(Ansteel Cornerstone Mining Co.,Ltd.,Anshan 100161,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]鞍钢基石矿业有限公司,辽宁鞍山100161 [2]深部金属矿山安全开采教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《金属矿山》2025年第1期65-71,共7页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52374084);教育部基本科研业务费(编号:N2101041)。

摘　　要：目前地下厚大矿体开采方法主要采用嗣后充填法,研究爆破开采对围岩和充填体的动力学响应至关重要。为此,针对鞍本区域某厚大矿体空场嗣后充填法开采中面临的围岩—充填体损伤破坏和地表爆破振动控制安全问题,通过拉—压剪耦合爆破损伤力学模型数值模拟,开展了围岩—充填体损伤区空间分布规律研究,揭示了矿体与充填体的损伤区分布以及爆破震动波传播规律,为爆破参数优化设计提供理论支撑。研究结果表明:在采场生产爆破作用下,可将爆破损伤区划分为强扰动区(D=1.0)和弱扰动区(D<1.0),强扰动区深度均大于弱扰动区,整体分布随着深度呈现出非线性递减规律;充填体对爆破振动波的传播有明显地弱化机制,振动速度场总体呈现出非对称分布,地表监测质点峰值振动速度满足规范要求。At present,the mining method of underground thick and large orebody is mainly the subsequent filling method,so it is very important to study the dynamic response of blasting mining to surrounding rock and filling body.For this reason,in view of the problems of surrounding rock-backfill damage and safety of surface blasting vibration control in the open stope and subsequent filling mining of a thick and large ore body in Anben area,this paper studies the spatial distribution law of surrounding rock-backfill damage area by numerical simulation of tension-compression-shear coupling blasting damage mechanics model,reveals the distribution law of damage area of ore body and backfill and the propagation law of blasting vibration wave,and provides theoretical support for the optimization design of blasting parameters.The results show that the blasting damage zone can be divided into strong disturbance zone(D=1.0)and weak disturbance zone(D<1.0).The depth of strong disturbance zone is greater than that of weak disturbance zone,and the overall distribution shows a nonlinear decreasing law with the depth.The filling body obviously weakens the propagation of blasting vibration wave,the vibration velocity field generally presents asymmetric distribution,and the peak vibration velocity of surface monitoring particles meets the requirements of the code.

关 键 词：充填开采 爆破振动 损伤本构模型 围岩破坏 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD235.4[矿业工程—矿井建设]